Операции над множествами обладают и рядом свойств, аналогичных свойствам сложения и умножения чисел. a + b = b + a (переместительный закон сложения). (a + b) + c = a + (b + c) (сочетательный закон сложения). ab = ba (переместительный закон умножения). (ab)c = a(bc) (сочетательный закон умножения). a(b + c) = ab + ac (распределительный закон умножения относительно сложения).
Переместительный (коммутативный) закон сложения : a + b = b + a . Сумма не меняется от перестановки её слагаемых.
Переместительный (коммутативный) закон умножения : a · b = b · a . Произведение не меняется от перестановки его сомножителей.
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a + b = b + a (переместительный закон сложения).
(a + b) + c = a + (b + c) (сочетательный закон сложения).
ab = ba (переместительный закон умножения).
(ab)c = a(bc) (сочетательный закон умножения).
a(b + c) = ab + ac (распределительный закон умножения относительно сложения).
Переместительный (коммутативный) закон сложения : a + b = b + a . Сумма не меняется от перестановки её слагаемых.
Переместительный (коммутативный) закон умножения : a · b = b · a . Произведение не меняется от перестановки его сомножителей.