1.
а)
х²/(х²-у²) * (х-у)/х = х²/(х-у)(х+у) * (х-у)/х = х/(х+у),
б)
а/(3а+3в) : а²/(а²-в²) = а/(3*(а+в)) : а²/(а-в)(а+в) =
= а/(3*(а+в)) * (а-в)(а+в)/а² = (а-в)/3а,
в)
(-2с³/у)⁵ = -32с¹⁵/у⁵
г)
х/у² * 4ху = 4х²/у
2.
( у/(у-х) - (у-х)/у ) * (у-х)/х =
= ( у² - (у-х)²) / (у-х)у ) * (у-х)/х =
= ( у²-у²+2ху-х² ) / (у-х)у ) * (у-х)/х =
= х(2у-х) / (у-х)у ) * (у-х)/х = (2у-х) / у,
3.
(2х-4)/(х²+12х+36) : (8х-16)/(х²-36) =
= 2*(х-2)/(х+6)² : 8*(х-2)/(х-6)(х+6) =
= 2*(х-2)/(х+6)² : (х-6)(х+6)/8*(х-2) =
= (х-6) / 2*(х+6),
при х = 1,5:
(1,5-6) / 2*(1,5+6) = -4,5 / (2*7,5) = -4,5 / 15 = -3/10 (или -0,3)
4.
( а-8 + 32а/(а-8) ) * ( 8+а - 32а/(8+а) ) =
= [ ( (а-8)²+32а )/(а - 8) ] * [ ( (8+а)²-32а)/(8+а) ] =
= (а²-16а+64+32а)/(а-8) * (64+16а+а²-32а)/(8+а) =
= (а²+16а+64)/(а-8) * (а²-16а+64)/(8+а) =
= (а+8)²/(а-8) * (а-8)²/(8+а) =
= (а + 8)(а - 8) = а² - 64
рукописный вариант:
⇅⇅⇅⇅
1) 2x² - xy = x(2x - y)
2) ab + 3ab² = ab(1 + 3b)
3) 2y⁴ + 6y³ - 4y² = 2y²(y² + 3y - 2)
4) 2a(a - 1) + 3(a - 1) = (a - 1)(2a + 3)
5) 4x - 4y + ax - ay = (4x - 4y) + (ax - ay) = 4(x - y) + a(x - y) = (x - y)(4 + a)
1) 2a²b² - 6ab³ + 2a³b = 2ab(ab - 3b² + a²)
2) a²(a - 2) - a(a - 2)² = a(a - 2)(a - a + 2) = 2a(a - 2)
3) 3x - xy - 3y + y² = (3x - xy) - (3y - y²) = x(3 - y) - y(3 - y) = (3 - y)(x - y)
4) ax - ay + cy - cx + x - y = (ax - ay) - (cx - cy) + (x - y) =
= a(x - y) - c(x - y) + (x - y) = (x - y)(a - c + 1)
xy - x² - 2y + 2x = (xy - x²) - (2y - 2x) = x(y - x) - 2(y - x) = (y - x)(x - 2)
1.
а)
х²/(х²-у²) * (х-у)/х = х²/(х-у)(х+у) * (х-у)/х = х/(х+у),
б)
а/(3а+3в) : а²/(а²-в²) = а/(3*(а+в)) : а²/(а-в)(а+в) =
= а/(3*(а+в)) * (а-в)(а+в)/а² = (а-в)/3а,
в)
(-2с³/у)⁵ = -32с¹⁵/у⁵
г)
х/у² * 4ху = 4х²/у
2.
( у/(у-х) - (у-х)/у ) * (у-х)/х =
= ( у² - (у-х)²) / (у-х)у ) * (у-х)/х =
= ( у²-у²+2ху-х² ) / (у-х)у ) * (у-х)/х =
= х(2у-х) / (у-х)у ) * (у-х)/х = (2у-х) / у,
3.
(2х-4)/(х²+12х+36) : (8х-16)/(х²-36) =
= 2*(х-2)/(х+6)² : 8*(х-2)/(х-6)(х+6) =
= 2*(х-2)/(х+6)² : (х-6)(х+6)/8*(х-2) =
= (х-6) / 2*(х+6),
при х = 1,5:
(1,5-6) / 2*(1,5+6) = -4,5 / (2*7,5) = -4,5 / 15 = -3/10 (или -0,3)
4.
( а-8 + 32а/(а-8) ) * ( 8+а - 32а/(8+а) ) =
= [ ( (а-8)²+32а )/(а - 8) ] * [ ( (8+а)²-32а)/(8+а) ] =
= (а²-16а+64+32а)/(а-8) * (64+16а+а²-32а)/(8+а) =
= (а²+16а+64)/(а-8) * (а²-16а+64)/(8+а) =
= (а+8)²/(а-8) * (а-8)²/(8+а) =
= (а + 8)(а - 8) = а² - 64
рукописный вариант:
⇅⇅⇅⇅
1) 2x² - xy = x(2x - y)
2) ab + 3ab² = ab(1 + 3b)
3) 2y⁴ + 6y³ - 4y² = 2y²(y² + 3y - 2)
4) 2a(a - 1) + 3(a - 1) = (a - 1)(2a + 3)
5) 4x - 4y + ax - ay = (4x - 4y) + (ax - ay) = 4(x - y) + a(x - y) = (x - y)(4 + a)
1) 2a²b² - 6ab³ + 2a³b = 2ab(ab - 3b² + a²)
2) a²(a - 2) - a(a - 2)² = a(a - 2)(a - a + 2) = 2a(a - 2)
3) 3x - xy - 3y + y² = (3x - xy) - (3y - y²) = x(3 - y) - y(3 - y) = (3 - y)(x - y)
4) ax - ay + cy - cx + x - y = (ax - ay) - (cx - cy) + (x - y) =
= a(x - y) - c(x - y) + (x - y) = (x - y)(a - c + 1)
3.
xy - x² - 2y + 2x = (xy - x²) - (2y - 2x) = x(y - x) - 2(y - x) = (y - x)(x - 2)