1). A young Task II. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
(whale, turtles, squid, mammals, tusks)
is called a calf. 2). The first
evolved from reptiles about 200 million years
ago. 3). A
ten-arm sea mollusc typically able to change colour. 4). Elephants are killed for
5). Sea
are hunted for their shells and meat.
Task III. Choose the correct variant.
their ivory
for
Abai KUNANBAYEV
(1845 - 1904)
The great Kazakh poet. Born July 29 (August 10) in 1845 Chingiz mountains (now the village Guard Abay district of Semipalatinsk region) in the family of the senior Sultan Kunanbaja Uskenbaeva. He received a good education in the Humanities. He studied at the madrasah Imam Ahmet-Vestments in Semipalatinsk, where he taught Arabic, Persian and other Oriental languages. Also studied in the Russian parish school, violating the ban madrasah. After five years of study he began to write poetry in imitation of the Eastern poets. Baby nickname Abai, which means "careful, thoughtful, he received from the mother, making it subsequently his literary pseudonym. With 13 years of age his father taught him to understand clan battle, which was the administrative functions of the head of the clan. To 20 years was known as a good orator and administrator. In 28 years, retired and was engaged in self-education. Wrote poetry, first ascribe authorship to his friend Kokay Jantasov, studied Russian culture, worked in a public library. Met with Russian political exiles that have influenced the formation of his worldview. By this time, is the beginning of his translation of the work he puts in Kazakh works of Pushkin, Lermontov, Krylov, foreign classics, says Kazakh songs on words of excerpts from Eugene Onegin. His most famous Elegy, put on music,stories, widely known in the world's classics. Poetry Abaya is characterized by simplicity and elegance . His poetry is characterized by a deep philosophical meaning and civic sound. Famous poems about the seasons - Spring (1890), Summer (1892), first signed his own name poet Abai, Autumn (1889), Winter (1888). : Abai was and composer, scholar and connoisseur of folk he writes about the major social and cultural issues of the Kazakh people, describing the nomadic life of Kazakhs, nature, calls to deal with ignorance. From 1890 to 1898, and recorded their thoughts in prose. In 1933, a Book was published words. In recent years experienced deep loneliness. After the premature death of his sons in 1895 and 1904. During the life of only a few verses Abaya saw the light on the pages of Newspapers. Only in 1909 - 5 years after his death in St. Petersburg published a collection of his works under the title Poems Kazakh poet Kunanbaev Ibra
Kok Tobe (Blue Hill) is a mountain in Almaty , Kazakhstan's largest city popular recreation area on top of the mountain. The mountain's height is 1100 meters above sea level. Kok Tobe is one of the main landmarks in the city, and it is popular among visitors and tourists to Almaty.
История горы :
Up until the 1960s, the Kok Tobe mountain was originally called Verigin. Before the Soviet Union, the hill was a favorite spot for the inhabitants of the city. During the Summer, the civilians organized May Day celebrations. At winter, it was a popular spot for skiing and sledding. Verny merchants called the mountain "Blue Hill", a name believed to originate back to medieval times.
During the 1960s, the Ministry of Communications of the Republic issued the initiative of constructing a television broadcasting tower that would reach the whole of Kazakhstan. In 1975, the design of a new Almaty TV tower began. The project involved building a broadcasting tower that would provide coverage throughout Kazakhstan as well as become a notable monument that would be visible throughout the whole of the city.
Engineers chose the Verigina mountain (Kok Tobe) as its location on account of high altitude (1130 meters above sea level; ~200 meters above the city). The high altitude helped the tower provide better coverage throughout the area. When designing the tower, an agreement was concluded together with the Moscow Institute of Central Research Institute of Cryogenics. The architects chosen for the project were N.G. Terziev, A.N. Savchenko and N.K. Akimov. The construction budget was 600 million rubles. The funds were allocated by the State Planning Committee of the USSR.
One of the biggest problems in the construction of the television tower was the loose soil in the area. As a result, it was decided to reduce the mass of the tower, building it from metal beams and aluminum sheathing. The height of the concrete base of the tower is 60 meters. The base weighs 45 thousand tons (with an overall design weight of 50 thousand tons). From the inside, the tower is a lattice structure made of metal beams lined with aluminum plates. In the trunk was installed two lifts.
The construction of the television tower began in 1978. The initial steps involved ramming and leveling the soil where the tower was placed. This was followed by digging a 19-meter foundation trench. Asphalt was poured under the base for waterproofing. By the end of construction, the height of the tower was 372 meters long. The height of the mast for the antennas is 114 meters. A signal of 6 TV and 4 radio channels was transmitted from the TV tower. The television tower "Kok-Tobe" broadcast to 199 settlements.
In 2001, the television tower was reconstructed. After reconstruction, the television tower began broadcasting 14 television and 14 radio channels. In the spring of 2004, after heavy rains, mountain surfaces cracked and soil structures began to crumble, which became a threat of a landslide in the residential areas nearby. Former Almaty mayor Zamanbek Nurkadilov decided to close the area.
In summer 2004, work began on the reconstructing and strengthening the slope of Kok-Tobe. At the top of mountain, illegally erected buildings (mostly cafes) were removed. Construction workers drilled and concreted 395 wells up to 24 meters. Their main task was to keep the soil from slipping. Cable car and viewing platforms were restored. In 2006, the mountain opened a recreational entertainment center, which was Kók Tóbe Park.