1 Read Robots. Match questions 1-4 with paragraphs A-D.
1 What are modern robots used for?
3 What is a robot?
2 What are the benefits and dangers of robots?
4 How did robots develop?
ed
,
functions were very basic. For example, in 1930 a robot called Elektro could
walk by voice command, speak about 700 words, smoke cigarettes and
move his head and arms. Elektro was a humanoid – that is he looked like a
human with arms and legs. However, his movements were very slow and
mechanical
B Robots became more sophisticated with the development of micro-
processors. They became smarter and faster and could be programmed
to perform a wide range of functions. The first digitally operated and
programmable robot called Unimate was invented in 1954. Unimate
was used to assemble car components in the USA. This was the first
big step towards the automation of car manufacturing.
C Today, robots are a part of many aspects of industry, medicine,
science, space exploration, construction, food packaging and are
even used to perform surgery. The most recent robots can move
talk, walk, run or fly, and work independently of humans. They have
'intelligence' which allows them to make
independent decisions and interact with
humans. As they become more adaptable,
they can be used for everything from military
purposes to looking after elderly people.
ט
D Some people think robots have many benefits over humans. They don't
get sick or bored. They do their jobs very precisely and consistently.
They don't need food or sleep and they never argue or complain, and
they can also do many things that humans can't. However, some
people are worried that robots will become too intelligent and may one
day take over the world,
Dear Ann,
I like New Year's Day, it is my favourite holiday.
Our family prepares for this holiday beforehand. My father buys and brings home a beautiful New Year's tree. I like to decorate it with toys, little coloured lights, sweets and a beautiful star on the top.
My mother and grandmother prepare our holiday supper and lay the table. I help them to make a cake.
We like to see the New Year in at home with our relatives. They come to see us in the evening. At 12 o'clock we sit at the table, and we are glad to see the New Year in. We say, "Best wishes for the New Year!"
It is a pleasant moment to get presents on the New Year's Eve.
I usually get many nice useful things from my parents and relatives.
We don't go to bed till the morning, we watch TV, dance, eat tasty things and make jokes. It's fun! That's why I enjoy this holiday very much.
That's all for now.
Take care! Write back soon.
Best wishes,
Lina
2. Saliva is the fluid formed by the (kidneys - не почками) that carries metabolic wastes to the body
3. The kidneys receive blood from the (pulmonary - не от легочных) vein, left and right
4. The ureter is a tubular structure that carries the urine from the (gallbladder - не желчный, а мочевой пузырь) to the outside
5. The urinary bladder is a permanent storage reservoir for urine located in the (thoracic - не в грудной клетке, а в брюшной полости) cavity.