8класс косвенная речь reported speech 10 "let's go for a picnic. " he said. "it's such a lonely day. 11 "why are you leaving now? " she asked. "the party s just beginning. 12 "i'm going to study hard, he said. "i want to pass this test. " 1.3 "i really like the pink dress, " she said to the sales
assistant. "how much is it? " 14 "i saw victoria in the supermarket, " he said. "she didn't look very well. " 15 "this is delicious, " she said to him. "you should cook professionally. " 16 "o.k. i'll go to the cinema with you, she said, "but let's have dinner first. " 17 "tell me where you've been,
" he said, "and don't stay out late again. " 18 "come to dinner on saturday, " she said. "don't forget, i live at 34 green street. 19 "you really should go to college" he said. "a secretarial course is always useful. " 20 "hurry up," she said, "the performance is starting in half an hour. 21 "if you
don't cooperate, we'll fall behind schedule," he said. " 22 "do you want me to take you home after school? " he asked. "it's too far for you to valk. 23 "you can go in and see her now, " he said. "she's just woken up." 24 "where have i put my keys? " ne asked himself. "did i leave them at my
mother's? " 25 "don't forget to lock the door twice, " she said, "to make sure no one can get in." 26 "do you think you could help me? " she said. "i seem to have lost my way. " 27 "i won't wear my hat, " the child said. "it looks silly. " 28 "there's been an accident, " the
policeman said, "and i'm afraid your son was involved." 29 "i don't believe what you've done, " jeremy said to is sister. "we're supposed to be saving this for the party. 30 "you'd better not hurt her, " he told the man, "or i'll report you to the police. "
She said to us " Do it as soon as you can". She told us a) to do it as soon as we could.
Direct-indirect conversion
При переводе прямой речи в косвенную, временная форма сдвигается на шаг в кроме следующих случаев:
1. Если слова автора в настоящем или будущем времени. He will say that he has been there before. Он скажет, что уже был здесь.
2. Действие в Past Perfect (Continuous) или в Future-in-the-Past.
3. Обстоятельства времени не изменились. He said that he bought it yesterday. Он сказал, что купил это вчера.
4. Утверждение всегда верно. The teacher said that water boils at 100 C. Учитель сказал, что вода кипит при ста градусах.
5. Утверждение верно длительный период времени или в текущем отрезке времени. She said that she loves you. Она сказала, что любит тебя.
6. Сообщение повторяется сразу же. He said that the food is delicious. Он сказал, что еда изыскана.
7. В условных предложениях 2 типа. He said that if he were you, he wouldn’t do that. Он сказал, что на твоём месте он не стал бы этого делать.
8. Желаемые события. She said she wished she were younger. Она о том, что она не моложе.
9. Глагол ought to. He said they ought to be careful. Он сказал, что им следует быть осторожней.
10. Глагол must в значении «должно быть». He said that they must be at home. Он сказал, что они должно быть дома.
Для передачи общих вопросов используется if или whether. Вопросительные предложения передаются с прямым порядком слов: He asked me if/whether they were at home. С глаголом-связкой порядок может быть обратным: He asked me what was the price.
При сдвиге временной формы глагола в в косвенной речи, по ситуации, изменяются обстоятельства места и времени, местоимения, а также, происходит отстранение от эмоций:
this – that, these – those, here – there, now - then (at that moment, at once, immediately), come – go, today – (on) that day, yesterday – the day before(earlier), tomorrow - (on) the next (following) day, last week – the week before, ago - before(earlier), next week – the next (following) week, now that – since, so – very, yes/no – answered in the positive/negative, he - that man, we - they, come - go.
Если из прямой речи лицо не известно, используется местоимение they, а в словах автора wanted to know, wondered:
He said: “Come here”. – He told them to come up to him.
He said: “Where are you going?” – He wanted to know/wondered where they were going.