АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
ОТ ВАС СДЕЛАЙТЕ Занятие№20, №21.Детские болезни: скарлатина, ветряная оспа. Систематизация и обобщение знаний по разделам Хирургия, Детские болезни
План занятия
1.Ноые лексические единицы по теме.
2.Тексты«Scarlet Fever» «Chickenpox»
3. Упражнения по теме.
4.Письменная работа по теме.
Task №1. Translate new words: scarlet fever, infectious disease, to pass, to vomit, to remain, rash, to peel, to isolate, to put in bed, to give nourishing food, chickenpox, slight, listlessness, blisters, to scratch, a mild disease, to keep the skin clean, to use lotion for itching
Task№2. Read and translate the texts «Scarlet Fever» «Chickenpox»
SCARLET FEVER
Scarlet fever is an infectious disease which most commonly affects 4–8-year-old children and only sometimes in grown-ups.There is no vaccine, but the disease is effectively treated with antibiotics. Most of the clinical features are caused by erythrogenic toxin, a substance produced by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes (group A strep.) when it is infected by a certain bacteriophage.
Before the availability of antibiotics, scarlet fever was a major cause of death. It also sometimes caused late complications, such as glomerulonephritis and endocarditis leading to heart valve disease, all of which were protracted and often fatal afflictions at the time.
It is important to recognize that strains of Group A Strep which produce the erythrogenic toxin are not inherently more dangerous than other strains which do not; they are merely more easily diagnosed because of the characteristic rash.
The disease passes from one person to another through the nose and mouth. Scarlet fever is usually spread by inhalation. Symptoms include sore throat, fever and a characteristic red rash. The beginning of the disease is quick. The patient has a sore throat, fever, headache and he often vomits. The face is flushed and the skin feels hot and dry. The temperature rises quickly on the first day and remains high for a few days. The rash appears on the second day. After the temperature falls the skin begins to peel.
We must isolate the child with scarlet fever and put him in bed. When the temperature is high the nurse gives him fluid diet and when the temperature falls she gives him nourishing food.
Chickenpox
Some diseases, such as chickenpox, give immunity for the rest of your life, which is why often only children get these diseases. Red, quite itchy, spots or blisters are typically scattered over the entire body, spreading to the arms, legs and face. The condition, caused by the varicella zoster virus, most commonly occurs during the first decade of life. The child has a moderate fever and mild flu-like symptoms prior to the rash becoming apparent.
It's possible for some children to have these early symptoms and to develop little or no rash, yet still to acquire long-term immunity from the condition. As a rule, the older the infected child is, the more severe the disease.
Symptomatic treatment with calamine lotion and/or antihistamines to reduce itching. To reduce fever give paracetamol. Should the spots become secondarily infected with bacteria, an antibiotic may be necessary. Antiviral medicine is sometimes prescribed in severe cases.
Task№3. Find English equivalents:
эффективно лечится с антибиотиков; клинические признаки, вещество, основная причина смерти; осложнения; смертельные недуги; более легко диагностировать, зуд, тяжелые случаи, пузырьки, выписывать
Task№4. Answer the questions:
1. What kind of disease is scarlet fever?
2. What are the first symptoms of scarlet fever?
3. How can the disease pass from one person to another?
4. What diet must a child with scarlet fever have?
5. What are symptoms of chickenpox?
6. Does chickenpox give immunity for the rest of your life?
Письменная работа
I. Translate from Russian into English:
1.инфекционное заболевание, 2. после болезни, 3.в случае рахита, 4.головная боль, 5.лечение скарлатины, 6.рас инфекции,7. симптомы болезни, 8. на коже
II. Translate from English into Russian:
1. to lose weight, 2.to have sore throat,3. to put the child in bed,4. rash on the skin, 5.to last ten days, 6. to prevent the disease, 7. dislike of the light, 8. complication
III. Complete the sentences:
1. Measles is…
2. The symptoms of scarlet fever are…
3. Scarlet fever passes from one person to another through…
4. The reason for rickets is…
5. Vitamin D is used to…
6. To prevent measles children must …
IV.There are some symptoms. What are the diseases?
a).The child has a slight to moderate fever, a sore throat and a flushed face. The rash appears on the second day.
b). The disease begins with high fever, cough, runny nose. Five days later appears rash. Two or three days after symptoms begin, white spots may appear inside the mouth.
c). The symptoms can include: fragile bones, poor growth and development, skeletal deformities
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