Bcollect information about a place of natural beauty in
your country. make notes under the headings: name, location,
activities. use your notes to write a short text about this place for
an international tourist magazine (50-60 words)
напишите об каком-нибудь месте в казахстане
11 What ARE you DOING ? — I AM COPYING the text from the text-book now. 12. WILL he GO (IS HE GOING) to Moscow next week?
13. He HASN'T SMOKED (HASN'T BEEN SMOKING) for a month. He is trying to give it up.
14. When did he arrive? - He arrived at 2.00.
15. Had you switched off the light before you left house?
16. I read these books when I was at school. I liked them very much.
17. I couldn't go out because I didn't finish my work.
18. I told you the answer yesterday.
19. What will you do tomorrow in the evening?
20. I didn't meet him last week.
21. I usually leave home at 7 and get here at 12.
22. Here is you watch. I have just found it.
23. Have you had breaskfast yet?
In both essay writing and public speaking our goal is to convey information clearly and concisely or even to convert the reader or listener to our way of thinking. To achieve these goals you should remember to connect your ideas so that your audience can easily follow them. In other words you should use linking words and phrases, or transitions.
Read the following two paragraphs. How are they different?
Paragraph 1
There are many causes of air pollution. There is the use of private cars. This can cause many breathing problems because of fumes. Other forms of transport cause air pollution, these are buses, boats and motorcycles. Factories produce gasses that go into the air causing pollution. These things make people's health suffer.
Paragraph 2
To begin with, there are many causes of air pollution. Firstly, there is the use of private cars. This can cause many breathing problems because of fumes. Furthermore, other forms of transport cause air pollution, for example buses, boats and motorcycles. In addition, factories produce gasses that go into the air causing pollution. All in all, these things make people's health suffer.
This is an example of how using linking words and phrases can improve the quality of your speech. Note how the ideas flow more smoothly, and the logical relationships between the ideas are expressed clearer in the second paragraph.Most pieces of formal writing and presentations are organised in a similar way: introduction, development of main ideas or arguments, and conclusion. Linking words and phrases act like bridges between parts of your writing. They join each part together as well as sentences and paragraphs within each part or even two ideas within one sentence. Transitions are not just verbal techniques that decorate your paper or speech by making them sound or read better. They are words with particular meanings that tell the reader (listener) to think and react in a particular way to your ideas.