1. - "I've just seen Tom. He looked very annoyed. What's wrong?"
- "I don't know. We were watching a film. Suddenly he switched off the telly and left without (saying) a word."
In this sentence, we need to fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb in brackets. The verb before the blank is "say". To complete the sentence, we need to use the infinitive form of the verb "say", so the correct answer is "(saying)".
2. - "I don't like the way he talks to me. I want him (to change) his attitude."
In this sentence, we need to fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb in brackets. The verb before the blank is "want". To complete the sentence, we need to use the infinitive form of the verb "change", so the correct answer is "(to change)".
3. It's your own fault, you know. And there's no point in (complaining).
In this sentence, we need to fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb in brackets. The verb before the blank is "in". To complete the sentence, we need to use the gerund form of the verb "complain", so the correct answer is "(complaining)".
4. I have always felt difficulty in (talking) to people whose company I do not enjoy.
In this sentence, we need to fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb in brackets. The verb before the blank is "in". To complete the sentence, we need to use the gerund form of the verb "talk", so the correct answer is "(talking)".
5. When George heard the noise in the kitchen, he headed downstairs (to see) who was there.
In this sentence, we need to fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb in brackets. The verb before the blank is "headed". To complete the sentence, we need to use the infinitive form of the verb "see", so the correct answer is "(to see)".
6. My brother, Jeff, was awarded first prize in the math contest, but I wish he wouldn't keep (boasting) about it!
In this sentence, we need to fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb in brackets. The verb before the blank is "keep". To complete the sentence, we need to use the gerund form of the verb "boast", so the correct answer is "(boasting)".
1. I hate to bother you, but the man is still waiting to give a definite answer.
In this sentence, the verb "hate" is followed by the infinitive "to bother," which is used in the non-perfect form of the active voice. The infinitive "to give" is also used in the non-perfect form of the active voice and serves as the complement of the verb "waiting."
2. He hated to bother with trifling matters when he had many more important questions to decide.
In this sentence, the verb "hated" is followed by the infinitive "to bother," which is used in the non-perfect form of the active voice. The infinitive "to decide" is also used in the non-perfect form of the active voice and serves as the complement of the noun "questions."
3. She would never miss a chance to show her efficiency, she was so anxious to like and to praise.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to show" is used in the non-perfect form of the active voice, serving as the complement of the noun "chance." The infinitives "to like" and "to praise" are also used in the non-perfect form of the active voice and serve as the complement of the adjective "anxious."
4. The idea was too complicated to express in just one paragraph. It seemed it would take not less than a page to put it into words.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to express" is used in the non-perfect form of the passive voice, indicating that the action of expressing the idea is performed on the idea. The infinitive "to put" is also used in the non-perfect form and serves as the complement of the noun "page."
5. Is there anything else to tell him? I believe he deserves to know how the matter stands and to tell all about it.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to tell" is used in the non-perfect form of the active voice and serves as the complement of the verb "deserves." It is repeated to show parallelism in the sentence structure.
6. The book is likely to be published and to appear on sale pretty soon. It is sure to sell well and to sell out in no time.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to be published" and "to appear" are used in the non-perfect form of the passive voice, indicating that the action of publishing and appearing is performed on the book. The infinitives "to sell" are also used in the non-perfect form of the active voice and serve as the complement of the adjectives "sure" and "sell out."
7. What he took to writing for was not to earn a living but a name. All he wanted was to read and not to forget.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to earn" and "to read" are used in the non-perfect form of the active voice. The infinitive "to forget" is also used in the non-perfect form of the active voice and serves as the complement of the verb "wanted."
b) Use the infinitive in the required form of the active voice.
1. How fortunate he is to have traveled all over the world and to have seen so much of it.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to have traveled" and "to have seen" are used in the perfect form of the active voice, indicating that the actions of traveling and seeing have been completed in the past.
2. The man appears to know practically all European languages; he is said to have learned them while traveling.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to know" and "to have learned" are used in the non-perfect form of the active voice. The infinitive "to learn" is used in the perfect form of the active voice, indicating that the action of learning has been completed in the past.
3. The river was reported to be overflowing the banks and advancing towards the suburbs of the city.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to be overflowing" and "to be advancing" are used in the non-perfect form of the passive voice, indicating that the actions of overflowing and advancing are performed on the river.
4. The girl pretended to read a book and not to notice me.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to read" and "to notice" are used in the non-perfect form of the active voice, indicating the actions of reading and noticing.
5. You seem to be looking for trouble.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to be looking" is used in the non-perfect form of the active voice, indicating the action of looking.
6. It seems to have been raining ever since we came here.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to have been raining" is used in the perfect form of the active voice, indicating the action of raining has been ongoing in the past.
7. It is so thoughtful of you to have booked the tickets well in advance.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to have booked" is used in the perfect form of the active voice, indicating the action of booking has been completed in the past.
8. The committee is said to be revising the program and working out a plan of its realization.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to be revising" and "to be working out" are used in the non-perfect form of the passive voice, indicating that the actions of revising and working out are performed on the program.
c) Use the appropriate form of the infinitive.
1. The man seemed to be studying me and I felt uneasy in his presence.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to be studying" is used in the non-perfect form of the active voice, indicating the action of studying is ongoing.
2. Perhaps it would bother him to speak about the quarrel.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to speak" is used in the non-perfect form of the active voice, indicating the action of speaking.
3. He is supposed to have worked on the translation of the book for two years.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to have worked" is used in the perfect form of the active voice, indicating the action of working has been completed in the past.
4. The only sound to be heard was the ticking of the grandfather's clock downstairs.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to be heard" is used in the non-perfect form of the passive voice, indicating that the action of being heard is performed on the sound.
5. The book was believed to have been lost until the librarian happened to find it during the inventory. It turned out to have been misplaced.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to have been lost," "to find," and "to have been misplaced" are used in the perfect form of the passive voice, indicating that the actions of being lost, finding, and being misplaced have been completed in the past.
6. The strength of the metal proved to have been overestimated by the designer. The engineer claimed to have warned against its use for the purpose all along as he had always been sure it was likely to deform under great load.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to have been overestimated," "to have warned," and "to deform" are used in the perfect form of the active voice, indicating that the actions of overestimating, warning, and deforming have been completed in the past.
7. We seem to be flying over the sea for quite a time and there is yet no land to be seen.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to be flying" and "to be seen" are used in the non-perfect form of the passive voice, indicating that the actions of flying and being seen are performed on the subjects.
8. Not to answer would have been a wrong step.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to answer" is used in the non-perfect form of the active voice, indicating the action of answering.
9. We don't seem to be acquainted, at least I can't remember ever having met him.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to be acquainted" is used in the non-perfect form of the passive voice, indicating the action of being acquainted.
10. The third key remained to be tested.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to be tested" is used in the non-perfect form of the passive voice, indicating the action of being tested.
- "I don't know. We were watching a film. Suddenly he switched off the telly and left without (saying) a word."
In this sentence, we need to fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb in brackets. The verb before the blank is "say". To complete the sentence, we need to use the infinitive form of the verb "say", so the correct answer is "(saying)".
2. - "I don't like the way he talks to me. I want him (to change) his attitude."
In this sentence, we need to fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb in brackets. The verb before the blank is "want". To complete the sentence, we need to use the infinitive form of the verb "change", so the correct answer is "(to change)".
3. It's your own fault, you know. And there's no point in (complaining).
In this sentence, we need to fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb in brackets. The verb before the blank is "in". To complete the sentence, we need to use the gerund form of the verb "complain", so the correct answer is "(complaining)".
4. I have always felt difficulty in (talking) to people whose company I do not enjoy.
In this sentence, we need to fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb in brackets. The verb before the blank is "in". To complete the sentence, we need to use the gerund form of the verb "talk", so the correct answer is "(talking)".
5. When George heard the noise in the kitchen, he headed downstairs (to see) who was there.
In this sentence, we need to fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb in brackets. The verb before the blank is "headed". To complete the sentence, we need to use the infinitive form of the verb "see", so the correct answer is "(to see)".
6. My brother, Jeff, was awarded first prize in the math contest, but I wish he wouldn't keep (boasting) about it!
In this sentence, we need to fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb in brackets. The verb before the blank is "keep". To complete the sentence, we need to use the gerund form of the verb "boast", so the correct answer is "(boasting)".
In this sentence, the verb "hate" is followed by the infinitive "to bother," which is used in the non-perfect form of the active voice. The infinitive "to give" is also used in the non-perfect form of the active voice and serves as the complement of the verb "waiting."
2. He hated to bother with trifling matters when he had many more important questions to decide.
In this sentence, the verb "hated" is followed by the infinitive "to bother," which is used in the non-perfect form of the active voice. The infinitive "to decide" is also used in the non-perfect form of the active voice and serves as the complement of the noun "questions."
3. She would never miss a chance to show her efficiency, she was so anxious to like and to praise.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to show" is used in the non-perfect form of the active voice, serving as the complement of the noun "chance." The infinitives "to like" and "to praise" are also used in the non-perfect form of the active voice and serve as the complement of the adjective "anxious."
4. The idea was too complicated to express in just one paragraph. It seemed it would take not less than a page to put it into words.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to express" is used in the non-perfect form of the passive voice, indicating that the action of expressing the idea is performed on the idea. The infinitive "to put" is also used in the non-perfect form and serves as the complement of the noun "page."
5. Is there anything else to tell him? I believe he deserves to know how the matter stands and to tell all about it.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to tell" is used in the non-perfect form of the active voice and serves as the complement of the verb "deserves." It is repeated to show parallelism in the sentence structure.
6. The book is likely to be published and to appear on sale pretty soon. It is sure to sell well and to sell out in no time.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to be published" and "to appear" are used in the non-perfect form of the passive voice, indicating that the action of publishing and appearing is performed on the book. The infinitives "to sell" are also used in the non-perfect form of the active voice and serve as the complement of the adjectives "sure" and "sell out."
7. What he took to writing for was not to earn a living but a name. All he wanted was to read and not to forget.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to earn" and "to read" are used in the non-perfect form of the active voice. The infinitive "to forget" is also used in the non-perfect form of the active voice and serves as the complement of the verb "wanted."
b) Use the infinitive in the required form of the active voice.
1. How fortunate he is to have traveled all over the world and to have seen so much of it.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to have traveled" and "to have seen" are used in the perfect form of the active voice, indicating that the actions of traveling and seeing have been completed in the past.
2. The man appears to know practically all European languages; he is said to have learned them while traveling.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to know" and "to have learned" are used in the non-perfect form of the active voice. The infinitive "to learn" is used in the perfect form of the active voice, indicating that the action of learning has been completed in the past.
3. The river was reported to be overflowing the banks and advancing towards the suburbs of the city.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to be overflowing" and "to be advancing" are used in the non-perfect form of the passive voice, indicating that the actions of overflowing and advancing are performed on the river.
4. The girl pretended to read a book and not to notice me.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to read" and "to notice" are used in the non-perfect form of the active voice, indicating the actions of reading and noticing.
5. You seem to be looking for trouble.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to be looking" is used in the non-perfect form of the active voice, indicating the action of looking.
6. It seems to have been raining ever since we came here.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to have been raining" is used in the perfect form of the active voice, indicating the action of raining has been ongoing in the past.
7. It is so thoughtful of you to have booked the tickets well in advance.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to have booked" is used in the perfect form of the active voice, indicating the action of booking has been completed in the past.
8. The committee is said to be revising the program and working out a plan of its realization.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to be revising" and "to be working out" are used in the non-perfect form of the passive voice, indicating that the actions of revising and working out are performed on the program.
c) Use the appropriate form of the infinitive.
1. The man seemed to be studying me and I felt uneasy in his presence.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to be studying" is used in the non-perfect form of the active voice, indicating the action of studying is ongoing.
2. Perhaps it would bother him to speak about the quarrel.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to speak" is used in the non-perfect form of the active voice, indicating the action of speaking.
3. He is supposed to have worked on the translation of the book for two years.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to have worked" is used in the perfect form of the active voice, indicating the action of working has been completed in the past.
4. The only sound to be heard was the ticking of the grandfather's clock downstairs.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to be heard" is used in the non-perfect form of the passive voice, indicating that the action of being heard is performed on the sound.
5. The book was believed to have been lost until the librarian happened to find it during the inventory. It turned out to have been misplaced.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to have been lost," "to find," and "to have been misplaced" are used in the perfect form of the passive voice, indicating that the actions of being lost, finding, and being misplaced have been completed in the past.
6. The strength of the metal proved to have been overestimated by the designer. The engineer claimed to have warned against its use for the purpose all along as he had always been sure it was likely to deform under great load.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to have been overestimated," "to have warned," and "to deform" are used in the perfect form of the active voice, indicating that the actions of overestimating, warning, and deforming have been completed in the past.
7. We seem to be flying over the sea for quite a time and there is yet no land to be seen.
In this sentence, the infinitives "to be flying" and "to be seen" are used in the non-perfect form of the passive voice, indicating that the actions of flying and being seen are performed on the subjects.
8. Not to answer would have been a wrong step.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to answer" is used in the non-perfect form of the active voice, indicating the action of answering.
9. We don't seem to be acquainted, at least I can't remember ever having met him.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to be acquainted" is used in the non-perfect form of the passive voice, indicating the action of being acquainted.
10. The third key remained to be tested.
In this sentence, the infinitive "to be tested" is used in the non-perfect form of the passive voice, indicating the action of being tested.