Exercise 4. Answer the questions 1)What is the official name of Great Britain now?
2)What parts does the UK consist of and what are their capitals?
3)What is the national symbol (emblem) of England (Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland)?
4)What is the British flag called? Why?
5)What are the names of two main islands of the British Isles?
6)What separates Great Britain from the continent?
7)What do we call the narrowest part of the English Channel?
8)Why is the UK called an island state?
9)What do we call people who were bom in Britain? In Scotland? In Wales? In Ireland?
10)Is English the only language people speak in the UK?
11)What is the Union Jack? What does the Union Jack look like and what does it symbolize?
12)What language is spoken in Scotland? In Wales? In Ireland?
13)How big is London compared with other cities?
14)How does the scenery change across the country?
15)What is the British climate like?
16)What is the English weather like?
17)What is Stratford-upon-Avon famous for?
18)What is Oxford famous for? Cambridge?
19)What is Liverpool famous for?
20)What is Lake district famous for?
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So why did a change in climate 36,000 years ago drive the Siberian unicorn extinct, but not the woolly rhinoceros or the saiga?
To answer this question, our study took fossil bones from the Siberian unicorn, woolly rhino, and saiga, and looked at the nitrogen and carbon they contained — as differences in these elements reflect an animal's diet.
We found that before 36,000 years ago the saiga and the Siberian unicorn behaved very similarly, eating grass almost exclusively. After this point, the carbon and nitrogen in saiga bones showed a major dietary shift towards other plant types.
But shifting from a grass diet proved too difficult for the Siberian unicorn, with its special folded wear-resistant teeth and a low-slung head right at grass height.
Relatives such as the woolly rhino had always eaten a more balanced array of plants, and were much less impacted by a change in habitat.
Importantly, the change in climate that drove the Siberian unicorn extinct was actually much less pronounced than those which occurred during the Ice Age that followed. Or the changes that we will face in the near future.
The story of the Siberian unicorn is a timely reminder that even subtle changes in plant distributions can have devastating knock-on effects for large animal species.
Legends of the unicorn, or a beast with a single horn, have been around for millennia.
Some have argued that the horn of the rhino may have been the basis of myths about unicorns, although other animals - such as the tusked narwhal - are more likely contenders.
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