Graphic Design Graphic design is a very broad field and to master it is a very challenging escapade. We can have a good grasp of graphic design by understanding the basic elements and principles which make effective design and page layout. Graphic design is a course of combining texts and graphics in order to develop an interactive work of art.
Designers achieve their purpose by utilizing the elements and principles of graphic design. In today's world, graphic design has a greater percentage of influencing us. Everywhere we go, anywhere we look, practically everywhere there are different graphic design materials: posters, signs, newsletters, billboards.
Is graphic design an art, science, business, craft or language? Graphic design has operated under multiple identities since its inception with each of these identities dominant at one moment or another. And each may predominate from one project to the next in a designer's practice today. Often, graphic design is defined as a duality, combining two of these definitions, such as craft/language or business/art.
This identity crisis is confirmed by the lack of agreement on a name for the field. Graphic design, visual communications and visual design are all thoughtful names in current use. A variety of terms persist including commercial art, layout and graphic design. Unlike its venerable cousin architecture, graphic design is a very new design expression, a phenomenon of the last hundred years.
A spontaneous response to the communication needs of the industrial revolution, graphic design was invented to sell the fruits of mass production to growing consumer societies in Europe and North America in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Rapidly expanding reproduction technologies provided the means for graphic design's participation in the vast economic, political, technological and social changes of that era.
Graphic design has a massive impact on our everyday lives. It plays a huge part in the way we communicate, and forms an important part of our visual environment. In a world saturated with mass media communication of all kinds, the act of creating effective visual communication through graphic design has never been more challenging.
From early times one of the means of peoples' embodiment of their dreams, wishes and assessments was graphic. 80% of information about visual environment a person acquires with the help of vision, because, visual images are more effective and operative.
Nowadays graphic design maintains visual communications and advertising market with annual turnover (per different appraisals) in 1, 5-2 billions of dollars. Modern vectors of graphic design: 1. Corporate identity 2. Types 3. Graphical advertising 4. Books graphic 5. Newspapers graphic 6. Magazines graphic.
3. Соедините слово из левой колонки с его значением из правой колонки:
1) reproduction a) general law of cause and effect
2) expression b) having the same opinion
3) principle c) process of reproducing
4) agreement d) process of expressing
5) operate e) join together
6) poster f) mental picture of the future
7) combine g) work, be in action
8) dream h) placard displayed in a public place
4. Составьте предложения с каждым словом из упражнения 3 (левая колонка)
5. Выберите верное слово, чтобы закончить правильно предложение
1. Graphic design is a course of combining texts and graphics in order an interactive work of art.
a) to develop; b) to contact; c) to work
2. Designers their purpose by utilizing the elements and principles of graphic design
a) construct; b) create; c) achieve
3. A spontaneous to the communication needs the industrial revolution, graphic design was invented to sell the fruits of mass production to growing consumer societies
a) method; b) response; c) request
4. Rapidly expanding reproduction technologies provided the means for graphic design's in the vast economic, political, technological and social changes of that era.
a) participation; b) role; c) significance
5. Graphic design has a massive on our everyday lives
a) importance; b) impact; c) influence
6. Graphic design plays a huge part in the way we , and forms an important part of our visual environment
a) live; b) communicate; c) work
7. From early times one of the means of peoples' embodiment of their dreams, wishes and assessments was .
a) graphic; b) work; c) conversation
representative of a very interesting family, called tenrecs or bristly hedgehogs. To understand how this looks like a funny animal, you need to put together... a hedgehog, shrew and otter and paint that turned yellow and black paint.
It is not difficult to guess that the final portrait will be somewhat unusual: an elongated muzzle with a yellow stripe along the nose, a crown of long sharp needles and a lot of thorns scattered throughout the body mixed with thick black hair, long hind and short front paws with sharp claws. Appearance is really spicy, but it looks like a striped tenrek — a small mammal, endemic to Madagascar, living in the Eastern and Northern parts of the island.
Striped tenrecs – the main object of hunting is known of the Malagasy carnivores like the fossa and their close relatives of the mongoose. To protect themselves from attacks on their lives, small tenreki invented a clever way of throwing needles at the enemy. Once in a dangerous situation, they bring their long, jagged needles into combat readiness, directing them towards the predator, and then sharp movements of the head and torso "shoot" them directly into the nose and paws of the enemy. Of these flying needles is the whole crown on the head of the tenrec, and another part of them located on the sides of the torso.
However, this is not all of the features performs unusual prickly bristly fur of a hedgehog. Striped tenrec is the only mammal who have mastered the ability to communicate well, as do beetles, crickets and snakes.
Wide beige needle that runs along the Central part of the back, by friction against each other emit high-pitched sounds, through which striped tenrecs share information with neighbors.
Seemingly silent from the outside, the tenreks are in constant communication: with their tongue, they send sound signals to help them navigate the dark forest. It is on hearing that they rely more than on vision, but the sounds they make, as in the case of bats, are not available to the human ear.
Communication in life striped tenrecs plays a very important role because they are the only ones of the thirty species of tenrecs are grouped. Each of these groups, which can number up to twenty individuals, takes a long, about one and a half meters, a hole dug at a depth of 15 centimeters near the pond. The entrance to the dwelling striped tenreks close leaves, and near a hole these neat small animals surely construct that at people is called a bathroom or a latrine a place
When the cold season comes, and in Africa it falls on may-October, striped tenreki lower the temperature of your body to the ambient temperature, while remaining active. This trick helps them to save energy, but if the winter is too harsh, they have no choice but to hibernate.
From September to December, striped tenreks mate, and after about two months 6-8 babies are born, which grow up very quickly and at the age of five weeks are ready to become parents.
It is not difficult to guess that the final portrait will be somewhat unusual: an elongated muzzle with a yellow stripe along the nose, a crown of long sharp needles and many spines scattered throughout the body mixed with thick black hair, long hind legs and short front legs with sharp claws. The exterior is really piquant, but this is exactly what a striped tenrek looks like - a small mammal, endemic to Madagascar, living in the eastern and northern parts of the island.
Striped tenreki - the main object of hunting of famous Madagascar predators, such as Foss and their close relatives of the Mongoose. To protect themselves from attacks on their lives, small tenreks invented an ingenious way of throwing needles at the enemy. Caught in a dangerous situation, they bring their long, jagged needles into combat readiness, directing them towards the predator, and then with sharp movements of the head and torso “shoot” them directly into the nose and paws of the enemy. Of these flying needles is the entire crown on the head of the tenrek, and another part of them is located on the sides of the body.
However, these are not all the functions that an unusual, prickly fur coat of a bristly hedgehog performs. The striped tenrek is the only mammal that has mastered the ability to communicate in the way that beetles, crickets and snakes do.
Wide beige needles that run along the central part of the back, when rubbing against each other, emit high sounds, thanks to which striped tenreks exchange information with their congeners.
Seemingly silent from the outside, the tenreks are in constant communication: in their language, they send sound signals to help them navigate the dark forest. It is on hearing that they rely more than on sight, but the sounds they emit, as in the case of bats, are inaccessible to the human ear.
Communication in the life of striped tenreks plays a very important role, since they are the only ones out of thirty types of tenreks that are combined into groups. Each of these groups, in which there may be up to twenty individuals, occupies a long, about one and a half meters, hole dug at a depth of 15 centimeters near the water body. Striped tenrecs are covered with leaves in their home, and near the hole, these neat little animals necessarily erect what people call a lavatory or latrine.
When the cold season comes, and in Africa it falls on May-October, striped tenrecs lower their body temperature to the level of the surrounding temperature, while remaining active. This trick helps them save energy, but if winter is too harsh, they have nothing left but to hibernate.
From September to December, striped tenreki mate, and after about two months, 6-8 babies are born, who very quickly grow up and are already five weeks old, ready to become parents themselves.