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It can be difficult to imagine life without electricity, can't it? We find ourselves surrounded by electricity every day. Every time you switch on your TV, listen to your headphones, or use a toaster, you use electricity. Electricity is a force caused by an electric charge. When the charge moves, it provides a form of energy, which we can use to power devices and make them work. Sometimes, you access electricity by plugging an appliance into your wall and using the electricity from power lines. And sometimes you access it by using batteries that store the energy for you to use until they run out. For your games, computers, and toys that require electricity to work, they need to be part of a circuit. A circuit is like a big electrical loop. In order for the circuit to work, the whole loop must be complete. Imagine, you are riding your bike. In order to move forward, you need to continue pedaling so that the chains keep spinning your wheels to move you forward. Now just imagine that this chain is broken. The bike would stop moving and you may fall off. This is a bit like how a circuit works. Let's look at the circuit needed to turn a lightbulb on. Once plugged in, a current flow pushes an electrical charge around the circuit, activating the lightbulb. But if any part of the circuit was broken, the electrical charges would not be able to flow through the circuit and the light would stop working. This is also what happens when you use a switch. Imagine, that in this circuit, you also used a switch to turn your lightbulb on. You can plug it in your power point and turn the switch on. The current of the electric charge will turn the lightbulb on. But look what happens when you turn the switch off. The circuit is open, which turns the lightbulb off. This happens because a circuit needs to be complete for electricity to work in an appliance. Electricity can be very dangerous, so it's helpful to know how to protect ourselves whilst using it. Electricity travels through materials that are easy to flow through, called conductors. Metal is a good conductor, because the electrical charges move through it very fast. Because electricity moves through conductors, it's very dangerous to touch any metal parts while an appliance is being used. Water also conducts electricity very easily. This makes bringing electrical equipment like music players or games near water incredibly dangerous. We protect ourselves from electricity by using what we call insulators. Insulators are materials that do not conduct electricity and so are safe to touch. Rubber, for example, is a good insulator. We use rubber coatings around power cords as an insulator, because it stops the electricity from escaping, which prevents you from being electrocuted. Electricity is everywhere and helps us to do many things for survival and enjoyment. But it also important to remember that although electricity can power many exciting devices, there are many other ways we can have fun unplugged.
роальд даль 13 сентября 1916
roald dahl died on 23 november 1990, at the age of 74 of a blood disease, myelodysplastic syndrome, in oxford, and was buried in the cemetery at st peter and st paul's church in great missenden, buckinghamshire, england. according to his granddaughter, the family gave him a "sort of viking funeral". he was buried with his snooker cues, some very good burgundy, chocolates, hb pencils and a power saw. today, children continue to leave toys and flowers by his grave. in november 1996, the roald dahl children's gallery was opened at the buckinghamshire county museum in nearby aylesbury.
in 2002, one of cardiff bay's modern landmarks, the historic oval basin plaza, was re-christened "roald dahl plass". "plass" means "place" or "square" in norwegian, referring to the acclaimed late writer's norwegian roots. there have also been calls from the public for a permanent statue of him to be erected in cardiff. in 2016, the city is to celebrate the centenary of dahl's birth in llandaff. welsh arts organisations, including national theatre wales, wales millennium centre and literature wales, have come together for a series of events, titled roald dahl 100, including a cardiff-wide city of the unexpected, which will mark his legacy.
dahl's charitable commitments in the fields of neurology, haematology and literacy during his life have been continued by his widow since his death, through roald dahl's marvellous children's charity, formerly known as the roald dahl foundation. the charity provides care and support to seriously ill children and young people throughout the uk. in june 2005, the roald dahl museum and story centre in the author's home village great missenden was officially opened by cherie blair, wife of uk prime minister tony blair, to celebrate the work of roald dahl and advance his work in literacy education. over 50,000 visitors from abroad, mainly from australia, japan, the united states and germany, travel to the village museum every year.
в 2008 году благотворительный фонд великобритании booktrust и детский лауреат майкл розен учредили приз roald dahl funny prize-ежегодную премию авторам юмористической детской фантастики. 14 сентября 2009 года (на следующий день после 93-летия даля) в лландаффе была открыта первая голубая доска в его честь. а не в честь его места рождения, тем не менее, мемориальная доска была возведена на стене бывшей кондитерской (и сайта "великая мышь участке 1924"), который включает в первой части автобиографии мальчик. он был открыт его вдовой фелисити и сыном тео. годовщина со дня рождения даля 13 сентября отмечается как "день роальда даля" в африке, соединенном королевстве и латинской америке.
в честь роальда даля, королевский гибралтар почта выпустила набор из четырех марок в 2010 году с участием квентин блейк оригинальные иллюстрации из детских книг, написанных в. даля во время его долгой карьеры; в бфг, , чарли и шоколадная фабрикаи матильда. набор из шести марок была выпущена к королевской почты в 2012 году, с участием блейк иллюстрации к чарли и шоколадная фабрика, , ведьмы, матильда, фантастический мистер фокс, и джеймс и гигантский персик. влияние даля распространилось за пределы деятелей. например, режиссер тим бертон с детства вспоминал " о втором слое [после доктора сьюза], связанном с писателем, который получает представление о современной басне – и о смеси света и тьмы, и не говорит с детьми, и о том, какой политически неправильный юмор получают дети. мне это всегда нравилось, и это формировало все, что я чувствовал."актриса скарлетт йоханссон названа фантастический мистер фокс одна из пяти книг, которые изменили ее.
1 what's the capital of the great britain? london is the capital of great britain?
2 what's the official language of the great britain? english is.
3 what's the currency in the uk? pound sterling is.
4 what's the word for красивый in english? beautiful is the word for красивый.
5 how many countries has great britain got borders with? great britain has border with the republic of ireland and also has maritime (морские) borders with (10 countries) france, germany, spain, iceland, portugal, belgium, the netherlands, norway, sweden, denmark.