I. Переведите письменно предложения на русский язык. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи является слово с окончанием -s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит лионо:
a) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа в PresentSimple;
б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного;
в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.
1. The scientists have found new sources of cheap energy.
2. Chesterfield’s Spire is one of the most famous and unusual towers of the world in form and size.
3. Nitric acid reacts with copper and gives off fumes of nitrogen dioxide.
П. Вставьтенужныйартикль:
1 - man is carrying little child
2 - There are some hats in shop window.
3 – On tray there is pot of tea , ___ bowl of sugar, and __ jug of ___milk.
4 - women are sitting at square table.
5 - cups on table are empty.
6 - Miss A. and Mr C. are in ___ middle of room.
7 - ___ dog'snameis Spot.
III. Поставьте прилагательное в нужную степень сравнения.
1. Pipe and cigar smoke is as (dangerous) as cigarette smoke.
2. Man, in fact, is the (little) biologically determined species of all.
3. The (much) information it has, the (many) people will use it.
4. Dust particles are much (large) than water droplets.
IV. Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык весь текст.
1. The study of control processes in electronic, mechanical and biological systems is known as cybernetics.
The word was first used in 1948 by the American mathematician Norbert Wiener. It comes from the Greekword meaning "pilot" or "steersman". Cybernetics deals with the analysis of the flow of information in both livingorganisms and machines, but it is particularly concerned with systems that are capable of regulating theirown operations without human control.
2. Automatic regulation is accomplished by using information about the state of the end product. The mainconcept of cybernetics is the idea of feedback, which makes a system automatic and self-regulating. A simpleexample of a self-regulating machine is a thermostat, which achieves the temperature that has been programmedinto it.
3. The applications of cybernetics are wide reaching, appearing in science, engineering, technology, sociology,economics, education and medicine. Computers can keep a patient alive during a surgical operation,making modifications based on a constant flow of information. In education teaching machines use cyberneticprinciples to instruct students on an individual basis. Automation is present in such everyday products as refrigerators,coffee makers, and dishwashers. In industries in which a break in the flow of production can ruin theproduct, automatic controls are invaluable. Chemical and petroleum plants, industries involved in the productionof atomic energy are now almost completely automatic. Automation has become the answer when humansafety is the number one priority.
VЗадайте вопросы к тексту (2общих, 2 альтернативных, 2 разделительных и 4 специальных)
VI. ответьте на следующие вопросы к тексту, запишите свои ответы.
1. What does the word "cybernetics" mean?
2. What is cybernetics concerned with?
3. According to the passage, how is automatic regulation accomplished?
4. What makes a system automatic and self-regulating?
5. In what areas does cybernetics have applications?
1. Вставьте глаголы в правильной форме (Conditional 0 и I).
1) If we live in Mexico, I will speak Spanish.
2) If one heats the water up to 100° C, it boils.
3) If you send this letter now, she will receive it tomorrow.
4) If it pours, the sun doesn’t shine.
5) Simon will go to London next week if he gets a cheap flight.
6) If it is warm tomorrow, will we go to the beach?
7) I will call you if I don’t forget my phone.
8) If you have a minute, please, call me.
9) If I find your ring, I will give it back to you.
10) When you don’t smoke and don drink alcohol, you are quite healthy.
2. Вставьте глаголы в правильной форме (ConditionalII).
1) She would be happier if she had more friends.
2) If he were younger, he would travel more.
3) What would you do if you met aliens?
4) We would swim if the weather weren’t bad.
5) I would marry someone famous if I were a movie star.
6) He would be on time if he left earlier.
7) If we had more time, we wouldn’t hurry so much.
8) If I were you, I would get a new job.
9) He would grieve if she weren’t with him?
10) If you could fly, where would you fly?
3. Вставьте глаголы в правильной форме (ConditionalIII).
1) If I had been born in a different country, I would have learnt to speak a different language.
2) If I had done this test, I would have improved my English.
3) If they had gone to bed early, they would not have woken up late.
4) She would have passed the exam if she had studied harder.
5) We wouldn’t have got married if we hadn’t gone to the same university.
6) If she had passed the exam, she would have been able to enter university.
7) We would have come if we had been invited.
8) They would have had more money if they hadn’t bought so many clothes.
9) Peggy would have gone shopping if she had had time in the afternoon
10) She wouldn’t have done it if she had known you were ill.
Объяснение:
2. If he WERE younger, he WOULD travel more.
3. If we WEREN'T friends, I WOULD be angry with you.
4. If I HAD enough money, I WOULD buy a big house.
5. If she WEREN'T always so late, she WOULD be promoted.
6. If we WON the lottery, we WOULD travel the world.
7. If you HAD a better job, we WOULD BE able to buy a new car.
8. If I SPOKE perfect English, I WOULD have a good job.
9. If we LIVED in Mexico, I WOULD speak Spanish.
10. If she HAD PASSED the exam, she WOULD HAVE BEEN able to enter the university.
11. She WOULD BE happier if she HAD more friends.
12. We WOULD HAVE BOUGHT a house if we HAD DECIDED to stay here.
13. They WOULD HAVE more money if they DIDN'T BUY so many clothes.
14. We WOULD come to dinner if we HAD time.
15. She WOULD call him if she KNEW his number.
16. They WOULD GO to Spain on holiday if they LIKED hot weather.
17. She WOULD HAVE PASSED the exam if she HAD STUDIED
more.
18. I WOULD MARRY someone famous if I WERE a movie star.
19. We WOULD never BE late again if we BOUGHT a new car.
20. You WOULD LOSE weight if you ATE less.