I. Раскройте скобки и употребите сказуемые в настоящем времени и будущем. Полученные словосочетания переведите. Scientist (to be called); law (to be discovered); article (to be published); devices (to be used); pressure (to be measured); cell (to be built).
II. Выпишите из каждого предложения сказуемые в действительном и страдательном залогах. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на время глагола сказуемого.
1. The students asked the lecturer many questions. The lecturer was asked many questions.
2. He taught us to use the lab equipment. We were taught to use the lab equipment.
3. Tomorrow our teacher will give us a new task. A new task will be given tomorrow. We shall be given a new task tomorrow.
4. Usually a lab assistant shows the equipment to the students. Usually, the equipment is shown to the students by a lab assistant. Usually, the students are shown the equipment by a lab assistant.
III. Выберите предложения, сказуемые которых употреблены в страдательном залоге. Выпишите эти предложения. Подчеркните в них сказуемое в страдательном залоге. Напишите время сказуемого и залог
Например,
He drives a car. - Present Simple Active Voice или
I was asked – Past Simple Passive Voice).
1. The development of science is closely connected with the development of higher education. 2. State spends a lot of money to train highly qualified engineers. 3. Students studying at institutes and universities passed their entrance exams in summer. 4. Some institutes of technology are reorganized into universities. 5. Any country must be provided with good specialists in all branches of science and technology for its further development.
IV. Преобразуйте предложения из действительного залога в страдательный залог в соответствии с моделью. Переведите их.
Образец
The student translated the text.
The text was translated by the student.
I finish my work at 5 o'clock. 2. The professor asked a student to prove the theorem. 3. The committee will award him the first prize (2 предложения с разными подлежащими).
V. Переведите следующий текст письменно, обращая внимание на залог сказуемых.
THE INVENTION OF THE TELEGRAPH
The first practical telegraph was invented by the famous English scientist Charles Wheatstone in 1837. His telegraph was used in England for several years. But the telegraph invented by the American inventor Samuel Morse was more successful. Morse began working on his model in 1832, the same year as Wheatstone, and completed it in 1837. He proposed to put it in use in the United States. The first experimental telegraph line between Washington and Baltimore was built is 1844. Many improvements have been made on the Morse telegraph, including one by Thomas Edison, who invented the method of sending four messages over the same line at the same time.
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