Lizabeth I was queen of England from 1558 until she died in 1603. Her reign was called the Elizabethan Age, a very exciting and glorious period in English history, in which England became an important world power.
She was born near London in 1533. Her father was Henry VIII and her mother Anne Boleyn, the second of the king's six wives. When Elizabeth was 3 years old her mother was beheaded because she was accused of having a relationship with someone else. Elizabeth had an elder half sister Mary, and a younger half brother Edward.
King Henry VIII broke with the Roman Catholic Church because the pope would not let him divorce his first wife. Henry then founded the Church of England and made his country protestant.
Although Henry cared very little about Elizabeth during her childhood she received a good education and was taught well in history and philosophy. She learned many languages, including French, Italian and Latin.
When Henry died in 1547 his only son, Edward, became king but the boy king died six years later. Mary became queen and made England a Catholic country again. She didn't like Elizabeth and thought that she was plotting against her. She sent her half sister to prison in the Tower of London for two months. When she was released, she had to live in the countryside.
Mary died in 1558 and Elizabeth succeeded her. She became very popular and many people thought that she would bring back peace and stability in a time of conflict. Elizabeth was a cautious and clever queen; she knew a lot about economics and had good advisors. She returned England to Protestantism but she was not a radical religious reformer.
Although there were many young men who wanted to marry her, Elizabeth stayed alone and had no children. This was a threat to the English monarchy because without children her cousin Mary, Queen of Scots, would inherit the throne. She was a Catholic and a friend of France. Elizabeth was aware of this danger and had Mary sent to prison for many years. She was executed in 1587.
Elizabeth gave her country a lot of self confidence. During her reign it built up its sea power and ships sailed across the seas to trade in the New World. At that time Spain controlled much of the trade in the New World. Elizabeth sent Sir Francis Drake and other sea captains to raid Spanish ships and seize gold and other treasures that the Spanish had captured.
This was too much for Philip II of Spain so he decided to attack England. After years of preparation he put together a strong fleet of ships called the Spanish Armada. In 1588 the Armada sailed into the English Channel. In the battle that lasted for nine days the British defeated the Spaniards because their ships were smaller and faster. Only a few of them managed to get back to Spain. Elizabeth had celebrated the greatest victory of her reign.
The Elizabethan Age was also an age of art and culture. Many musicians, scholars and writers came to her palace. William Shakespeare was the greatest writer of the period and wrote some of the world's finest plays and poems. (Elizabethan Theatre)
The last years of Elizabeth's reign were troubled by scandals and revolts. Parliament started to criticize the queen and health problems made her weaker. She died on March 24, 1603 at the age of 69. At her wish, Mary Stuart's son, James VI of Scotland became king of England and the two countries were united.
Sport is an important part of every person’s life. It helps people to keep fit, healthy and slim. Sport is also very competitive. When it first appeared in the world people started thinking of different contests and choosing the best ones in each category. The Olympic Games, which take place every four years, are a good example of competition. It’s a great occasion, where sportsmen from all over the world can show their talents. I’m a great fan of these games. If I only had a chance, I would happily participate in such competition, or at least I would like to be the spectator at these games. My favourite sport is figure-skating. I always follow the news in the field of figure-skating and I try not to miss the beautiful shows of this sport on TV. I’m also quite good at ice-skating but I’m not as professional as most of the girls on the ice-rink. Other sports that I do and enjoy are swimming and tennis in summer and skiing in winter. One of my best friends is a professional tennis player. She goes in for tennis since early childhood and each time there is a local or regional championship she takes part and often wins. I’m very proud of her. The sport that I don’t like is football. It’s a bit boring for me, though my dad really loves watching the matches. Speaking about everyday trainings I always try to do my morning exercises and sometimes if my friend is up to it we go jogging. It helps us to be fit and provides with energy for the rest of the day. Спорт является важной частью жизни каждого человека. Он людям поддерживать себя в форме, быть здоровыми и стройными. Спорт также является соревновательным. Когда он впервые появился в мире, люди начали придумывать различные конкурсы и выбирать лучших в каждой категории. Олимпийские игры, которые проводятся каждые четыре года, являются хорошим примером соревнования. Это отличная возможность для спортсменов со всего мира показать свои таланты. Я большая поклонница этих игр. Если бы только была возможность, я бы с удовольствием поучаствовала в таком состязании или, по крайней мере, я хотел бы быть зрителем на этих играх. Мой любимый вид спорта - фигурное катание. Я всегда слежу за новостями в области фигурного катания, и стараюсь не пропускать красивых шоу этого вида спорта на ТВ. Я также довольно хорошо катаюсь на коньках, но я не так профессиональна, как большинство девочек на катке. Другие виды спорта, которыми я занимаюсь, и которые мне нравятся, это плавание и теннис летом и катания на лыжах зимой. Одна из моих лучших друзей является профессиональной теннисисткой. Она ходит на теннис с раннего детства, и каждый раз, когда проходит местный или региональный чемпионат, она принимает участие и часто выигрывает. Я очень горжусь ею. Спорт, который мне не нравится - это футбол. Он немного скучен для меня, хотя мой папа очень любит смотреть матчи. Говоря о каждодневных тренировках, я стараюсь всегда делать свою утреннюю зарядку, и иногда, если моя подруга настроена положительно, мы идем на пробежку. Это нам быть в хорошей форме и обеспечивает энергией на весь день.
She was born near London in 1533. Her father was Henry VIII and her mother Anne Boleyn, the second of the king's six wives. When Elizabeth was 3 years old her mother was beheaded because she was accused of having a relationship with someone else. Elizabeth had an elder half sister Mary, and a younger half brother Edward.
King Henry VIII broke with the Roman Catholic Church because the pope would not let him divorce his first wife. Henry then founded the Church of England and made his country protestant.
Although Henry cared very little about Elizabeth during her childhood she received a good education and was taught well in history and philosophy. She learned many languages, including French, Italian and Latin.
When Henry died in 1547 his only son, Edward, became king but the boy king died six years later. Mary became queen and made England a Catholic country again. She didn't like Elizabeth and thought that she was plotting against her. She sent her half sister to prison in the Tower of London for two months. When she was released, she had to live in the countryside.
Mary died in 1558 and Elizabeth succeeded her. She became very popular and many people thought that she would bring back peace and stability in a time of conflict. Elizabeth was a cautious and clever queen; she knew a lot about economics and had good advisors. She returned England to Protestantism but she was not a radical religious reformer.
Although there were many young men who wanted to marry her, Elizabeth stayed alone and had no children. This was a threat to the English monarchy because without children her cousin Mary, Queen of Scots, would inherit the throne. She was a Catholic and a friend of France. Elizabeth was aware of this danger and had Mary sent to prison for many years. She was executed in 1587.
Elizabeth gave her country a lot of self confidence. During her reign it built up its sea power and ships sailed across the seas to trade in the New World. At that time Spain controlled much of the trade in the New World. Elizabeth sent Sir Francis Drake and other sea captains to raid Spanish ships and seize gold and other treasures that the Spanish had captured.
This was too much for Philip II of Spain so he decided to attack England. After years of preparation he put together a strong fleet of ships called the Spanish Armada. In 1588 the Armada sailed into the English Channel. In the battle that lasted for nine days the British defeated the Spaniards because their ships were smaller and faster. Only a few of them managed to get back to Spain. Elizabeth had celebrated the greatest victory of her reign.
The Elizabethan Age was also an age of art and culture. Many musicians, scholars and writers came to her palace. William Shakespeare was the greatest writer of the period and wrote some of the world's finest plays and poems. (Elizabethan Theatre)
The last years of Elizabeth's reign were troubled by scandals and revolts. Parliament started to criticize the queen and health problems made her weaker. She died on March 24, 1603 at the age of 69. At her wish, Mary Stuart's son, James VI of Scotland became king of England and the two countries were united.