Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:
Конкурирующая операционная система; появляться ежедневно; ввязаться в драку; лучший компьютер; остаться в стороне; выдержать конкуренцию; главный поставщик на компьютерном рынке; игрушка для любителя; микропроцессорный; цельный кристалл (микросхема) из кремния; размер слова; компоненты меньшей мощности; посредством; вывести на экран; низкоскоростной принтер с посимвольной печатью; использовать гибкие диски; приборы (не) автономного хранения данных; универсальный; автономная система; отличительная черта; интерактивный режим; независимо от цели; досуговая деятельность
PERSONAL COMPUTERS
Personal computers are supposed to appear in the late 1970s. One of the first and most popular personal computers was the Apple II, introduced in 1977 by Apple Computer. During the late 1970s and early 1980s, new models and competitive operating systems seemed to appear daily. Then, in 1981, IBM entered the fray with its first personal computer, known as the IBM PC. The IBM PC quickly became the personal computer of choice, and most other personal computer manufacturers fell by the way-side. One of the few companies to survive IBM's onslaught was Apple Computer, which is sure to remain a major player in the personal computer marketplace. In less than a decade the microcomputer has been transformed from a calculator and hobbyist's toy into a personal computer for almost everyone.
What is a personal computer? How can this device be characterized?
First, a personal computer being microprocessor-based, its central processing unit, called a microprocessor unit, or MPU, is concentrated on a single silicon chip.
Second, a PC has a memory and word size that are smaller than those of minicomputers and large computers.
Typical word sizes are 8 or 16 bits, and main memories range in size from 16 К to 512 K.
Third, a personal computer uses smaller, less expensive, and less powerful input, output and storage components than do large computer systems. Most often, input is by means of a keyboard, soft-copy output being displayed on a cathode-ray tube screen. Hard-copy output is produced on a low-speed character printer.
A PC employs floppy disks as the principal online and offline storage devices and also as input and output media.
Finally, a PC is a general-purpose, stand-alone system that can begin to work when plugged in and be moved from place to place.
Probably the most distinguishing feature of a personal computer is that it is used by an individual, usually in an interactive mode. Regardless of the purpose for which it is used, either for leisure activities in the home or for business applications in the office, we can consider it to be a personal computer
"The experiment can not be completed because of the equipment failure,” the researchers announced.
The engineering students wonder: “When did industrial technology begin?”
“Take all the measurements as accurately as possible”, the head of the laboratory said to the research student.
Переведите предложение из прямой речи в косвенную
The researchers announced that the experiment could not be completed because of the equipment failure.
The engineering students wonder when industrial technology began.
The head of the laboratory asked the research student to take all the measurements as accurately as possible.
Each person has his hobby and as a matter of fact little free time to do something we like doing most of all. I also have many hobbies. As I am a pupil I haven`t got much free time during the school days. And I study in Russian school so I`ve got only one day off. It`s Sunday.
In my free time I usually hang out with my friends or surf the Net. If it is summer I don`t use the computer much and have a great time outside. But in autumn, winter and spring I have to use computer more because sometimes wecan`t do our homework without using the Internet. And I usually chat with my friends because I don`t see some of them for a long time.
On Saturdays or Sundays I usually help my mum with the housework, watch TV, meet my friends and often play the guitar because I`m mad about music.
But sometimes if the school days were busy and I had to study much harder I simply relax. I think we must do something interesting in our free time because we become borried and tired after doing homework and studying so hard.
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