НУЖНА Есть очень интересные слова и выражения, которые добавляют ценность данной теме: unforgettable, fantastic, delicious, really enjoyed, in the open air, within a family circle.
Exercise 1. Underline the things you can see at a birthday party.
Cake, school, candles, sweets, fox, bear, juice, present, crocodile, friend, doctor, pilot, guests, balloons
Exercise 2. Read about birthdays and say true or false.
Birthdays around the world.
DENMARK
In Denmark, people put a flag outside their window to show that somebody in the house is having a birthday. The family put presents around the child’s bed when he is sleeping. When the child wakes up, he is very happy because he can see the presents.
VIETNAM
In Vietnam, people don’t celebrate the exact day of their birthday. Everybody celebrates their birthday on the same day – New Year’s Day.
CANADA
In Canada, the birthday child is caught by his friends and his nose is greased (смазывается) with butter for good luck. The greased nose makes the child too slippery (скользкий) for bad luck to catch him.
CHINA
The Chinese (китайцы) typically (обычно) only celebrate certain (определенные) birthdays: the first, 10th, 60th, 70th, and 80th. The 60th birthday is most important to the Chinese.
1. In China people put a flag outside the window to show that somebody in the house is having a birthday.
2. In China the 60th birthday is most important.
3. In Vietnam the family put presents around the child’s bed
4. In Vietnam, people celebrate the exact day of their birthday
5. In Vietnam, people celebrate their birthdays on the New Year’s Day
6. In Canada, the birthday child is caught by his friends and his nose is greased with chocolate
7. In China they only celebrate certain birthdays
Exercise 3. Complete the text with the following words:
Makes, on, party, candles, invite, sing, cake, decorates, happy
my birthday, I my friends and cousins. My mother a delicious .
My sister the cake with . We dance and «Happy Birthday»
Everyone is . The guests enjoy the .
Exercise 4. Write down items dealing with birthday:
Feelings (3):
Presents (5):
People (3):
Exercise 5. Translate into russian:
1.My last birthday was unforgettable
2.I usually celebrate my birthday within a family circle
3.I decided to make a change last year
4.My decision was to celebrate it with my best friends
5.It was summer and the weather was fantastic
6.The food was delicious
7.We went to the park and had a barbecue
8.We couldn’t stop talking
9.I really enjoyed nature
Environmental Protection
Some hundreds of years ago people lived in harmony with nature, because industry was not much developed. Today, however, the contradictions between man and nature are dramatic.
The twenty first century is a century of the scientific and technological progress. The achievements of the mankind in mechanization and automation of industrial processes, in chemical industry and conquering outer space, in the creation of atomic power stations and ships are amazing. But at the same time, this progress gave birth to a very serious problem – the problem of environment.
Ecology and the contamination of environment, is concerned with climate, over-population in certain areas, deaths of plant and animals, chemical contamination of seas, lakes and rivers as well as atomic experiments and dumping of atomic waste from power stations. Floods, unexpected draughts, and the greenhouse effect are the next reasons.
There are many consequences of damaging the environment. One of them is acid rain. Another one is water shortage resulting from abuse of arable lands in agriculture. The third one is destroying the ozone layer of the Earth through pollution from factories and plants. The fourth problem is damage o water and soils.
The fifth one is damage to wildlife: numerous species of animals and plants can disappear. At last, the most serious danger arising from damaging the environment is the result of the abovementioned consequences. This is the danger for the life and health of the man.
The protection of natural resources and wildlife is becoming a political programme in every country. Numerous anti-pollution acts passed in different countries led to considerable improvements in environment. In many countries purifying systems for treatment of industrial waters have been installed, measures have been taken to protect rivers and seas from oil waters.
But the environmental problems have grown beyond the concern of a single country. Their solution requires the co-operation of all nations. If we are unable to learn to use the environment carefully and protect it from damage caused by man’s activities, very soon we’ll have no world to live in.
Environmental protection is a practice of protecting the environment, on individual, organizational or governmental level, for the benefit of the natural environment and (or) humans. Due to the pressures of population and our technology the biophysical environment is being degraded, sometimes permanently.
This has been recognized and governments began placing restraints on activities that caused environmental degradation. Since the 1960s activism by the environmental movement has created awareness of the various environmental issues. There is not a full agreement on the extent of the environmental impact of human activity and protection measures are occasionally criticized.
Academic institutions now offer courses such as environmental studies, environmental management and environmental engineering that study the history and methods of environmental protection. Protection of the environment is needed from various human activities. Waste, pollution, loss of biodiversity, and the introduction of invasive species are some of the issues relating to environmental protection.
I would like to have some rest from school fuss and the city on summer holidays. Recently, I've got a letter from my old friend who lives at the Black Sea coast and I thought that it would be a wonderful idea to see him once again. That's why I've decided to spend my summer holidays in Sochi.I guess, that it's the best place to have an unforgettable summer. There are breathtaking views of pure nature, a warm sea and plenty of entertainments for young people.Moreover, it's cheaper than go to Italy, for example. And I don't need a touristic visa to see this amazing town and transportation costs won't be great. Then, Sochi isn't far city; I rate my summer time highly and don't want to spend a lot of hours during the way.But I also don't want to roast myself for all the holidays. I'm going to enrich my store of knowledge. Fortunately, there are numbers of monuments, museums, theatres and historical places in the city, so I can learn much more about history of the town and my fatherland.