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INFECTION
Infection means invasion of
the body by microorganisms, which are harmful. The most common sources of infection
in medical practice are direct contact with a patient’s blood and saliva,
consequently instruments and equipment used in the treatment become
contaminated. If no action were taken infection may enter the body through skin
cuts or abrasions or the eyes, it may also be swallowed. Infection from the
contamination would be passed on from patient to patient, from patient to staff
and from staff to patient. This involvement is called cross – infection.
Even ancient people taught
that body’s first of defense against infection was an intact surface, e.g. the
outer layer of skin and the protective outer layer of mucous
membrane. If infection had passed it the second line of defense started its
action. It was the liquid secretion produced by the protective surfaces. The
mucous membrane and the salivary glands had produced saliva, which neutralized
some bacterial poisons and could kill some microorganisms. Tears and sweat had
a similar effect. The acidity of gastric juice killed many bacteria in food.
The third line of defense is discovered now. It is immunity.
And we also know that if these defense mechanisms fail to prevent
infection, the last line of defense is a response by the body called
inflammation.
1. What are the most common sources of infection?
2. How may infection enter the body?
3. What did ancient people teach?
4. When does the second line of defense start its action?
5. What is it produced by?
6. What can saliva do?
7. What effect do tears and sweat have?
8. When was the third line discovered?
9. What is the last line of defense?
I would like the classroom of my dream to be large and light.The classroom of my dream would have computers on each desk.The classroom would have good comfortable new furniture. In winter the classroom would be warm.There would be plenty of plants in the classroom.There would be a smart board on the wall. The children and teachers would be kind and polite. They would be intelligent and would respect each other. This is the class of my dreams.
Класс моей мечты.Я хотел бы, чтобы класс моей мечты был большим и светлым. В классе моей мечты на каждом столе были бы компьютеры. В классе была бы хорошая и удобная новая мебель. Зимой в классе было бы тепло. В классе было бы много растений. На стене была бы 'умная доска'. Дети и учителя были бы добрые и вежливые. Они были бы умными и уважали друг друга. Это класс моей мечты.
As long as I can remember myself I was always keen on tennis. I love this sport with its old noble traditions, though myself never dreamed of becoming anything more than an amateur.
I watch closely all tennis competitions and championships. There are a lot of them, but my favourite championship is Wimbledon because old tennis traditions remains there as they are. Some of the most well-known Wimbledon champions are: John McEnroe, Boris Becker, Steffi Graf, Monica Seles. My dream is to get a chance to watch at least one of them playing.
And meantime I play tennis with my friends. It is also a great opportunity to socialize with people who have similar interest (as any sport I suppose).
Перевод
Нам всем нужны тренировки. Это так же верно для молодежи, как и для старших. Даже если вы не собираетесь выбирать спорт в качестве профессии. Это мое мнение, и оно мне кажется правильным.
Сколько я себя помню, мне всегда ужасно нравился теннис. Я люблю этот спорт с его старыми благородными традициями, хотя я никогда не мечтала быть чем-то больше любителя.
Я внимательно слежу за соревнованиями и чемпионатами по теннису. Их существует очень много, но мой любимый — Уимблдон, потому что в нем старые теннисные традиции сохраняются такими, какими были. Некоторые из самых известных победителей Уимблдона: Джон Маккенрой, Борис Беккер, Штеффи Граф, Моника Селеш. Моя мечта — увидеть хотя бы одного из них.