mira0209

22.07.2022 01:50 •  Английский язык

Перевести текст the most important instrument of monetary management is the federal reserve open–market operations. open-market operations are the fed’s continuous purchases and sales of government securities on the open market, to affect bank 8 reserves. the securities used are prima rily u.s. treasury bills (t-bills), with maturity of 1 year or less. most banks hold government securities, and the fed can induce banks to sell or buy government securities by offering to buy them at a premium price or to sell them at a discount.a bank’s ability to create money is affected by the amount of reserves it must hold for its checkable deposits. an increase in the reserve requirement decreases the bank’s ability to increase the money supply, and vice versa. the board of governors of the federal reserve has the authority to determine, within limits, the amount of reserves that banks must hold against checkable deposits. these moneys as designed by the fed, are referred to as required reserves. any reserves over and above this amount that a bank ma y have are excess reserves. the potential size of the money supply is dependent on both required and excess reserves.the fed may decrease the reserve requirements during periods of low production, income and employment to increase the money supply and exp and business activity. и ответить на вопросы 1. what kind of operations are called open market operations? 2. how can the fed induce banks to sell or buy government securities? 3. how is a bank’s ability to create money affected?