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1 The nurse’s office
2 Domestic and storage areas
3 Clinical areas
4 The patient in the ward
5 Accomodation for patients
А.) The ward is the patient’s home during his stay in hospital. It is the place in which he spends his days, eats and sleeps, and where his personal needs are catered for. A well-planned ward provides a pleasant, safe and environment for patients and staff.
The of ward units for new hospitals has received a great deal of consideration. In the past, in-patients were allowed up only for short periods during convalescence. The modern practice of early ambulation has made it essential to provide adequate space for recreation and sufficient bathing and toilet facilities.
The reduction of noise and ward cleaning is another problem in hospitals. The use of plastic equipment, and the provision of central dish-washing and sterilizing departments have been a great help in eliminating noise. Besides, nowadays the floors and walls are made of materials that can withstand very frequent cleaning. The same can be said about furniture and fittings.
В.) Most modern hospital wards have between twenty and thirty beds. The beds are arranged so that each patient can have as much privacy, light and fresh air as possible, and can be observed without difficulty by the nursing staff. There must be adequate space between beds to prevent cross-infection and to allow all bedside procedures to be carried out in comfort.
Most wards have a number of cubicles or side wards — usually six for a thirty-bed ward — and two of these have their own hand basins and lavatories so that suitable staying is available for infectious patients. Ambulant patients and patients in wheelchairs are provided with a day room where they can have their meals, watch television, smoke and enjoy recreations without disturbing patients who are confined to bed.
Lavatories and bathrooms are sufficiently spacious to allow nurses to assist old and disabled patients. Doorways are wide enough to allow wheelchair patients to enter with ease. The rooms are usually fitted with shelves and hooks, and a patient-to-nurse alarm system is provided. It is important that lavatories flush quietly and efficiently.
С. ) In the room of a ward unit, surgical dressings, investigations and other sterile procedures can be carried out under optimal conditions and with minimal risk of cross-infection. This room should be large enough to accommodate a patient in his bed, a couch for ambulant patients, and all other necessary equipment. It must of course allow medical and nursing staff adequate space to work in comfort.
Next to this room, there are usually a ‘clean’ and ‘dirty’ annex. The clean annex, or room, is where trolleys are laid up. If there isn’t any C.S.S.D.(central sterile services department), equipment and instruments are sterilized there too. This room is provided with dust-proof cupboards in which sterile equipment is stored. In the dirty annex, used equipment is collected and cleaned, or kept for collection by the C.S.S.D.
Near the dirty annex, there is usually a sluice room which has facilities for cleaning and sterilizing bedpans, urinals, sputum mugs and so on, and for disinfecting soiled bed linen. In many wards, one corner of the sluice room is provided with a bench, sink and the necessary equipment for testing urine. The arranging of flowers is also done in the ‘sluice’.
D.) This part of a ward includes the kitchen, the linen and equipment store, the cleaners’ room and the staff cloakroom. The kitchen has facilities for making hot drinks and preparing light meals, and for washing up. The linen and equipment store is used for storing blankets, sheets and pillowcases, and bulky equipment such as bed cradles, portable backrests and cot sides. If the linen store is sufficiently spacious, stretchers and wheelchairs are often ‘parked’ there. The cleaners’ room is usually near the ward entrance, and is used for storing brooms, buckets, mops, vacuum cleaners and cleaning materials. The staff cloakroom is also usually near the entrance of the ward. It has washbasins and lavatories, personal lockers and facilities for hanging clothes.
Заглавные слова :
A) 1 -абзац COMFORT
2-ой PLAN
3-ий NECESSARY
B) 1-ый NATURE
2-ой VARY
C) 1-ый TREAT
2-ой PREPARE
3- ий NORMAL
