Exercise 4. Remember the meaning of the terms that you will find in the text. 1. Spread sheet package - a kind of computer programs that you calculate data on sale, taxis, profits and so on. 2. Floppy disk - a disk made of plastic material upon which data are stored on magnetic tracks. 3. Compatible - it is usually said about two computers when their programs can be run on both of them. 4. Peripheral devices, or peripherals are units connected to the central processing units (CPU); they are input devices, output devices and storage devices. 5. Input is the process of transferring data or program instruction into the computer. 6. Output is the result produced by a computer. 7. Storage is the process of keeping information in a special device in computer. 8. Software may be denoted as a set of programs or instructions executed by the computer. 9. Hardware is a computer machinery and equipment. 10. Digital computer is a type of computer that uses a binary system. 11 11. Chip is a tiny piece of silicon containing a complex electronic circuits. Before reading the passage " The Rise of the Personal Computer" find in the text "The Rise of IBM" the chronological information on the models of computers produced by this company. Was the policy of IBM successful in the 1960s? THE RISE OF THE PERSONAL COMPUTER The first personal computer, the Altair, was announced in Popular Electronics in its January 1975 issue. The Altair was also the first example of new computer hardware. It caused a sensation in the computer industry: those who wanted could have their own computers to play with at home, and a mighty computer industry soon began to grow. A young computer hacker from Seattle by the name of William Gates, then a freshman at Harvard, sold the Altair developers a computer language that would run on their machine and that made it possible to program many advanced functions. Emboldened by their success with Altair, Gates and his friend founded Microsoft Corporation, which has become the world's largest person
The 2000s were marked by significant economic growth in Asian countries, especially in China and India (by analogy with the previous "American century", the XXI century is considered the "Asian century"). Economic growth was accompanied by a rise in oil prices, which reached their all-time high in July 2008. At the same time, the crisis that began in the United States associated with an avalanche-like increase in loan defaults provoked a global recession in 2008.
After the unprecedented scale of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 in the United States, the American government declared the so-called. "War on terrorism", in which the wars began in Afghanistan (2001) and Iraq (2003). Conflicts continued in the Middle East, Africa, Latin America and the post-Soviet space. The disintegration of Yugoslavia is over. The expansion of NATO continued, in 2001 the Shanghai Cooperation Organization was established.
There was a widespread introduction of digital technologies: the development of the Internet and a significant increase in its role in society, the spread of mobile phones, digital cameras, the emergence of the Blu-ray format. Construction of the ISS continued. In 2001, the Mir orbital station was flooded. The geography of the "space club" expanded: in 2003, China launched its first cosmonaut into space, and in 2009, Iran launched its first satellite.
As indicated in 2014 by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the 2000s were the warmest in the history of meteorological observations.
The 2000s were marked by significant economic growth in Asian countries, especially in China and India (by analogy with the previous "American century", the XXI century is considered the "Asian century"). Economic growth was accompanied by a rise in oil prices, which reached their all-time high in July 2008. At the same time, the crisis that began in the United States associated with an avalanche-like increase in loan defaults provoked a global recession in 2008.
After the unprecedented scale of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 in the United States, the American government declared the so-called. "War on terrorism", in which the wars began in Afghanistan (2001) and Iraq (2003). Conflicts continued in the Middle East, Africa, Latin America and the post-Soviet space. The disintegration of Yugoslavia is over. The expansion of NATO continued, in 2001 the Shanghai Cooperation Organization was established.
There was a widespread introduction of digital technologies: the development of the Internet and a significant increase in its role in society, the spread of mobile phones, digital cameras, the emergence of the Blu-ray format. Construction of the ISS continued. In 2001, the Mir orbital station was flooded. The geography of the "space club" expanded: in 2003, China launched its first cosmonaut into space, and in 2009, Iran launched its first satellite.
As indicated in 2014 by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the 2000s were the warmest in the history of meteorological observations.