Read the text, try to focus on its essential facts, and choose the most suitable heading below for each paragraph.
1) What is Education? 2) Formal Education 3) Informal Education 4) Different Kinds of Formal Education
Informal and formal education
Education includes different kinds of learning experiences. In its broadest sense, we consider education to be the ways in which people learn skills, gain knowledge and understanding about the world and about themselves. One useful scheme for discussing education is to divide these ways of learning into two types: informal and formal.
Informal education involves people in learning during their daily life. For example, children learn their language simply by hearing and by trying to speak themselves. In the same informal manner, they learn to dress themselves, to eat with good manners, to ride a bicycle, or to make a telephone call. Education is also informal when people try to get information or to learn skills on their own initiative without a teacher. To do so, they may visit a book shop, library or museum. They may watch a television show, look at a videotape, or listen to a radio programme. They do not have to pass tests or exams.
We consider formal education to be the instruction given at different kinds of schools, colleges, universities. In most countries, people enter a system of formal education during their early childhood. In this type of education, the people, who are in charge of education, decide what to teach. Then learners study those things with the teachers at the head. Teachers expect learners to come to school regularly and on time, to work at about the same speed as their classmates, and to pass tests and exams. Learners have to pass the exams to show how well they have progressed in their learning. At the end of their learning, learners may earn a diploma, a certificate, or a degree as a mark of their success over the years.
The school systems of all modem nations provide both general and vocational education. Most countries also offer special education programs for gifted or for physically or mentally handicapped children. Adult education programmes are provided for people who wish to take up their education after leaving school. Most countries spend a large amount of time and money for formal education of their citizens.
В данном тексте рассматривается понятие образования и различные его формы. Ниже представлены предложения, которые могут быть подходящими заголовками для каждого абзаца:
1) What is Education? (Что такое образование?)
2) Different Kinds of Formal Education (Различные виды формального образования)
3) Informal and formal education (Неформальное и формальное образование)
4) Formal Education (Формальное образование)
Paragraph 1: "Education includes different kinds of learning experiences. In its broadest sense, we consider education to be the ways in which people learn skills, gain knowledge and understanding about the world and about themselves" - В данном абзаце рассказывается о понятии образования в общем смысле, о том, как люди находятся непрерывном процессе обучения и развития.
Подходящий заголовок: What is Education? (Что такое образование?)
Paragraph 2: "Informal education involves people in learning during their daily life... They do not have to pass tests or exams." - В данном абзаце описывается неформальное образование, когда люди учатся в повседневной жизни без посещения школы и сдачи экзаменов.
Подходящий заголовок: Informal Education (Неформальное образование)
Paragraph 3: "We consider formal education to be the instruction given at different kinds of schools, colleges, universities... At the end of their learning, learners may earn a diploma, a certificate, or a degree as a mark of their success over the years." - Данный абзац посвящен формальному образованию, описывается система обучения в различных учебных заведениях, требования к учащимся и оформление достижений в виде дипломов, сертификатов или степеней.
Подходящий заголовок: Formal Education (Формальное образование)
Paragraph 4: "The school systems of all modem nations provide both general and vocational education... Adult education programs are provided for people who wish to take up their education after leaving school" - В данном абзаце описывается то, что школьные системы предлагают как общее, так и профессиональное образование, а также программы образования для взрослых, которые желают продолжить обучение после окончания школы.
Подходящий заголовок: Different Kinds of Formal Education (Различные виды формального образования)
Надеюсь, что эти объяснения и заголовки будут полезны для выполнения задания. Если у вас есть еще вопросы, не стесняйтесь задавать их!