Reading
Task 1.
Read an interview with a famous cardiologist. Decide whether the statements are TRUE or
false.
Interviewer: Now, Welcome to "You and Your Health". Today on our show we have the famous
cardiologist Dr. Shaw. First of all maybe you could explain to us why the numbers of people
suffering from heart attacks seem to be on the increase these days?
Dr Shaw: Well, I think the answer to that is, unfortunately, our modern lifestyle.
Interviewer: Could you be a little more specific please doctor?
Dr Shaw: Yes, of course. For example, how many times have you been too busy to eat a proper meal
and so end up eating some unhealthy takeout food? Most of people underestimate the importance of a
healthy diet.
Interviewer: So, what you are telling us is that if we all make an effort to eat healthier food we are less
likely to suffer from heart problems.
Dr Shaw: Of course a healthier diet is going to help. Exercise is also important. We should all make sure
we get a regular amount of daily exercise.
Interviewer: You mean we should all join a gym or buy exercise machines?
Dr Shaw: Only if you have the time and the money. If not just spend thirty minutes a day doing a
physical activity such as walking, cycling, gardening or even dancing, you will be helping your heart as
well as strengthening your muscles and increasing your lung capacity. In fact, if I had to describe a
potential heart attack victim it would be a man in his 50s with a stressful job and a family to support,
who drinks a lot of coffee, smokes cigarettes doesn't eat proper balanced meals and gets very little
exercise.
Interviewer: Well, thanks Dr Shaw, you have certainly given us a lot to think about.
Example: Heart attacks are more common now than they were in the past. True
1
1. The main reason for increasing problems with heart is modern lifestyle.
[1]
2
2. Dr. Shaw says most people would eat a healthier diet if they had more time.
[1]
3
3. If you have a healthy diet, you don't have to exercise.
[1]
4. People should all join a gym and play sport games if they have time.
01
Listen and complete the sentences with NO MORE THAN TWO words.
Example: Dr. Shaw gives some advice on how to keep our hearts in good condition.
5. People tend to eat
_ when they are too busy.
[1]
6. If people do physical activities at a regular basis, they strengthen their muscles and increase
their
[1]
6
7. Dr. Shaw says men in their 50s do not eat _
[1]
Он нужен, когда исполнитель действия (агент) неизвестен, неважен или очевиден, а фокус внимания — на действии. Если мы и упоминаем исполнителя, то через предлог by.
Посмотрите на примеры в пассивном залоге:
These cameras are made in China. — исполнитель неважен.I was born in 1986. — исполнитель очевиден (всех рожают мамы).His wallet was stolen. — исполнитель неизвестен.Структура построения пассивного залогаS + BE + Ved/V3S — это подлежащее. Главное, что следует помнить — в пассивном залоге ВСЕГДА есть глагол to be (который изменяется в зависимости от времени) и смысловой глагол всегда с окончанием -ed, если он правильный или в 3 форме (причастие если он неправильный.
Сравним предложения активного (действительного) залога с соответствующими предложениями пассивного (страдательного) залога в разных временах.
Active VoicePassive VoicePRESENT SIMPLE(происходит регулярно, «вообще»)S + am/is/are +Ved/V3I wash my car every week.Я мою свою машину каждую неделю.
She often buys clothes here.
Она часто покупает одежду здесь.My car is washed every week.
Мою машину моют каждую неделю.
Clothes are often bought here (by her).
Одежда часто приобретается здесь. (ею)PAST SIMPLE (законченное действие в факт) S + was/were + Ved/V3I washed my car 3 days ago.
Я мыла свою машину 3 дня назад.
She ate Italian pizza yesterday.
Она ела итальянскую пиццу вчера.My car was washed 3 days ago.
Мою машину мыли (моя машина была помыта) 3 дня назад.
Italian pizza was eaten yesterday.
Итальянская пицца была съедена вчера.PRESENT CONTINUOUS (длится сейчас) S + am/is/are+ BEING + Ved/V3I am washing my car now.
Я сейчас мою свою машину.
A thief is stealing your money!
Вор крадёт твои деньги!My car is being washed now.
Мою машину сейчас моют (она «моется»).
Your money is being stolen (by a thief)!
Твои деньги крадут! («воруются»)PAST CONTINUOUS (длилось в
Вчера в 5 я мыла машину.
Someone was reading the article.
Кто-то читал статью.My car was being washed yesterday at 5.
Вчера в 5 мою машину мыли.
The article was being read.
Статью читали.FUTURE SIMPLE (спонтанное решение в будущем, приказ обещание) S+will+BE+ Ved/V3I will wash my car tomorrow.
Я свою машину завтра!
I will do my homework!
Я сделаю домашнюю работу.My car will be washed tomorrow.
Завтра моя машина будет помыта!
My homework will be done.
Моя домашняя работа будет сделана.FUTURE CONTINUOUS (будет длиться в будущем) НЕ СУЩЕСТВУЕТ - УРА ^_^PRESENT PERFECT (что-то Сделано к настоящему, результат) S + have/has +BEEN + Ved/V3I have already washed my car.
Я уже помыл машину.
I’ve just made an announcement.
Я только что сделал объявление.My car has been washed.
Моя машина уже помыта.
An announcement has just been made.
Объявление только что было сделано.PAST PERFECT (результат к произошло ДО другого действия)
S + had + BEEN + Ved/V3By the time you called me, I had already washed my car.
К тому времени, как ты мне позвонил, я уже помыл машину.
I had sold my car before you called me.
Я продал машину до того, как ты мне позвонил.My car had already been washed.
Машина уже была помыта.
My car had been sold before you called me.
Машина была продана до того, как ты позвонил мне.FUTURE PERFECT (произойдёт К какому-то моменту в будущем) S + will + have + BEEN + Ved/V3I will have washed my car by the end of the week.
Я машину к концу недели.
I will have completed this task by tomorrow.
Я закончу это задание до завтра.My car will have been washed.
Моя машина будет помыта к концу недели.
This task will have been completed.
Это задание будет завершено.MODAL VERBS S + can/must/should/may…+ BE + Ved/V3I should wash my car.
Мне следует помыть машину.
She can understand it.
Она может понять это.My car should be washed.
Моей машине следует быть помытой.
It can be understood.
Это может быть понято.BE GOING TO (собираться, намереваться) S + am/is/are/was/were + going to + BE + Ved/V3I’m going to wash my car.
Я собираюсь помыть машину.
They are going to tell the truth.
Они собираются сказать правду.My car is going to be washed.
Мою машину собираются помыть (моя машина «собирается быть помытой»)
The truth is going to be told.
Скоро раскроется правда. («Правда собирается быть рассказанной»)
2) I don't believe you (will cope) with the task, you haven't studied properly.
3) Why are you putting your coat on? - I am going to (drive) Mary to school.
4) I (shall sit) my exams next week.
5) I'm sure he (will become) a scientist one day.
6) He looks extremely tired, doesn't he? - Yeah he is going to fall asleep any minute.
7) The train (leaves) in half an hour.
8) Don't worry. I (will have translated) the text by the deadline.
9) Will you (be helped) with the translation?
10) The kids (will have gone) to bed by 10 o'clock.