с контрольной по английскому Why Older Adults Become Fraud Victims More Often
1. Why are older people especially vulnerable to becoming victims of fraud? A new UCLA study indicates that an important clue may lie in a particular region of the brain that influences the ability to discern who is honest and who is trying to deceive us. Older people, more than younger adults, may fail to interpret an untrustworthy face as potentially dishonest, the study shows. The reason for this, the UCLA life scientists found, seems to be that a brain region called the anterior insula, which is linked to disgust and is important for discerning untrustworthy faces, is less active in older adults.
2. "The consequences of misplaced trust for older adults are severe," said Shelley E. Taylor, a distinguished professor of psychology at UCLA and senior author of the new research. "A recent study estimates that adults over age 60 lost at least $2.9 billion in 2010 to financial exploitation, ranging from home repair scams to complex financial swindles. This figure represents a 12 percent increase from 2008”.
3. Taylor and her colleagues report the results of two new studies. In the first, 119 older adults between the ages of 55 and 84 (mean age 68) and 24 younger adults (mean age 23) looked at 30 photographs of faces and rated them on how trustworthy and approachable they seemed. The faces were intentionally selected to look trustworthy, neutral or untrustworthy.
The younger and older adults reacted very similarly to the trustworthy faces and to the neutral faces. However, when viewing the untrustworthy faces, the younger adults reacted strongly, while the older adults did not. The older adults saw these faces as more trustworthy and more approachable than the younger adults did.
anterior insula – передняя островковая доля мозга
Отметьте, являются ли следующие утверждения верными, ложными или данная информация не содержится в тексте:
1. In the study, the older people reacted stronger to viewing the untrustworthy faces than the younger people.
2. Older people do not interpret untrustworthy faces well.
Young people do not trust neutral faces.
1 Vocabulary
20a Listen and match the words in bold with their meanings a-f.
1. Brian got a new laptop. I'm jealous because I've only
got an old computer.
2. The film we saw was terrible. We were very disappointed.
3. I was nervous before the exam, but it was actually very easy.
4. Greg did well in the Maths competition and his parents
were proud of him.
5. The coach is confident that the team will win the next game.
6. I'm confused. Is Mr Blake's office on the second or third floor?
000 OO
Tip!
a. worried that bad things may happen
b. happy about something you or other
people you know have done
c. feeling sure that you can do something well
d. upset because things haven't happened
the way you expected
e. unhappy and angry because you want
something another person has
f. feeling that you can't think clearly
or understand what is happening
Try to guess
the meaning
of unknown
words.
дамОбъяснение:
d) is flowing
e) does it ever snow
f) grow, don't grow
g) don't need
h) enjoy, don't enjoy
i) don't believe
j) is staying, stays
Объяснение:
d) The river is flowing very fast today - much faster than usual. (перевод: река сегодня течет очень быстро - гораздо быстрее, чем обычно)
e) Does it ever snow in China? (перевод: бывает ли когда-нибудь снег в Китае?)
f) we usually grow cucumbers and tomatoes in our garden, but this year we don't grow any. (перевод: обычно мы выращиваем огурцы и помидоры в нашем саду, но в этом году мы не выращиваем их)
g) You can take my umbrella. I don't need it at the moment. (перевод: ты можешь взять мой зонтик. В данный момент он мне не нужен)
h) I usually enjoy parties. But I don't enjoy this one very much. (перевод: мне обычно нравятся вечеринки. Но эта(вечеринка) мне не очень нравится)
i) George says he is eighty years old. But I don't believe him. (перевод: Джордж говорит, что ему восемьдесят лет. Но я ему не верю)
j) Roger is in Paris at the moment. He is staying at the Continental Hotel. He usually stays at this hotel when he is in Paris. (перевод: Роджер сейчас в Париже. Он остановился в отеле "Континенталь". Он обычно останавливается в этом отеле, когда он в Париже)