The Russian constitution guarantees both men and women equal rights. And business has long ceased to be male territory. Women executives, executives and business owners are not uncommon. It was once customary to say that there is no male or female management style, but there are professionals and non-professionals. Moreover, experts also often could not give an unambiguous answer about male and female styles in management.
But the legal framework is not able to make everyone the same - some studies show that gender differences in management styles do exist.
Control styles
Management style is a system of actions of a manager that is aimed at employees and serves to achieve business goals. Several scientific theories (McGregori, Strogdill, Likert, Mitchell and House) describe the concept of management style. The main goal they pursue is to improve the performance of managers. And they all in one way or another refer to the classification introduced by the psychologist Kurt Lewin. He divided leadership styles into three clusters:
Authoritarian. Power is concentrated in the hands of one person.
Democratic. Managed by the group.
Liberal. The power of everyone. This style is also called anarchic.
With an authoritarian leadership style, the manager himself completely determines the methods and directions of work. Communication in the team is official, the opinion of employees does not play a decisive role. One of the features of this approach is a high degree of control over subordinates.
In a democratic style, collegiality prevails, the instructions of the leader are often based on the opinion of subordinates. Responsibilities are decentralized.
In a liberal management style, the manager is removed from the team leadership process, often acting as an intermediary for employees. He only gives them data and tools to work with.
Gender: male and female management style
According to psychologist E.P. Ilyin, male leaders are characterized by a low level of communication and empathy. They are conservative and aggressive. Women, in contrast to men, are more inclined to empathy, social partnership, successfully unite the team and motivate employees to perform difficult tasks.
Researchers Elvira Gizametdinova and Rail Uraev in the article "Gender Differences in Management" provide the following data:
Mark TWAIN (1835-1910) is the pseudonym of Samuel Longhorne Clemens, one of the greatest American writers of the 19th century. His famous the book "the adventures of Tom Sawyer" is popular with millions of readers. Book full of adventures of Tom and his friends. Tom Sawyer is a boy who lives with his younger brother sid and Polly in St. Petersburg, a city on the Mississippi river. • That day Tom Sawyer feel gloomy. They called him lonely. No one cared about him. He believed that no one loved him. Tom was crying. He looked back at the house, their school, and again cried. He thought about how unfriendly, how cold the world was. Just at that moment he was faced with Joe Harper his old friend. Joe's eyes were red. He looked miserable, his mother punished him to drink the cream The guys talked about their common problems and decided to flee the city. Near the town on the great Mississippi river was a raft. They could travel on water for long island is called the island of Jackson. No one could find the boys. An hour later, Huck Finn, a tramp, also joined them. Plan for the guys to warm the food out of the house to meet at midnight near a raft to escape from the city to live a happy life on the island as pirates.The night was dark and still. A great river like the ocean. At midnight, Tom was in a secret place with a piece of ham. A minute later the three friends found each other in the dark and was on a raft. At two o'clock the young pirates came to the island and maiden voyage ended.
Tired but happy, they lit a fire and fried some bacon. How romantic it was: water, stars, bacon, freedom, friends... "Not great?", Joe said. "This is wonderful!" Tom said. "What are you guys talking about?" "They'll just die here!" "For me it's just life," said Tom. "You don't get up early, do not wash, do not go to school. You just relax and enjoy". Suddenly said Huck, " what do pirates do?"
Tom replied, "Oh, they just have the time to take the bully ships, to get money and hide them in a terrible place." "What dreadful place?" "Somewhere on the island. Where there are a lot of ghosts." Gradually their conversation died, the boys fell asleep. That night they dreamed of adventure, travel, first impressions of a new life.
The Russian constitution guarantees both men and women equal rights. And business has long ceased to be male territory. Women executives, executives and business owners are not uncommon. It was once customary to say that there is no male or female management style, but there are professionals and non-professionals. Moreover, experts also often could not give an unambiguous answer about male and female styles in management.
But the legal framework is not able to make everyone the same - some studies show that gender differences in management styles do exist.
Control styles
Management style is a system of actions of a manager that is aimed at employees and serves to achieve business goals. Several scientific theories (McGregori, Strogdill, Likert, Mitchell and House) describe the concept of management style. The main goal they pursue is to improve the performance of managers. And they all in one way or another refer to the classification introduced by the psychologist Kurt Lewin. He divided leadership styles into three clusters:
Authoritarian. Power is concentrated in the hands of one person.
Democratic. Managed by the group.
Liberal. The power of everyone. This style is also called anarchic.
With an authoritarian leadership style, the manager himself completely determines the methods and directions of work. Communication in the team is official, the opinion of employees does not play a decisive role. One of the features of this approach is a high degree of control over subordinates.
In a democratic style, collegiality prevails, the instructions of the leader are often based on the opinion of subordinates. Responsibilities are decentralized.
In a liberal management style, the manager is removed from the team leadership process, often acting as an intermediary for employees. He only gives them data and tools to work with.
Gender: male and female management style
According to psychologist E.P. Ilyin, male leaders are characterized by a low level of communication and empathy. They are conservative and aggressive. Women, in contrast to men, are more inclined to empathy, social partnership, successfully unite the team and motivate employees to perform difficult tasks.
Researchers Elvira Gizametdinova and Rail Uraev in the article "Gender Differences in Management" provide the following data:
the book "the adventures of Tom Sawyer" is popular with millions of readers. Book full of adventures of Tom and his friends. Tom Sawyer is a boy who lives with his younger brother sid and Polly in St. Petersburg, a city on the Mississippi river.
• That day Tom Sawyer feel gloomy. They called him lonely. No one cared about him. He believed that no one loved him. Tom was crying. He looked back at the house, their school, and again cried. He thought about how unfriendly, how cold the world was. Just at that moment he was faced with Joe Harper his old friend. Joe's eyes were red. He looked miserable, his mother punished him to drink the cream
The guys talked about their common problems and decided to flee the city. Near the town on the great Mississippi river was a raft. They could travel on water for long island is called the island of Jackson. No one could find the boys.
An hour later, Huck Finn, a tramp, also joined them. Plan for the guys to warm the food out of the house to meet at midnight near a raft to escape from the city to live a happy life on the island as pirates.The night was dark and still. A great river like the ocean. At midnight, Tom was in a secret place with a piece of ham. A minute later the three friends found each other in the dark and was on a raft. At two o'clock the young pirates came to the island and maiden voyage ended.
Tired but happy, they lit a fire and fried some bacon.
How romantic it was: water, stars, bacon, freedom, friends...
"Not great?", Joe said.
"This is wonderful!" Tom said. "What are you guys talking about?"
"They'll just die here!"
"For me it's just life," said Tom. "You don't get up early, do not wash, do not go to school. You just relax and enjoy".
Suddenly said Huck, " what do pirates do?"
Tom replied, "Oh, they just have the time to take the bully ships, to get money and hide them in a terrible place."
"What dreadful place?"
"Somewhere on the island. Where there are a lot of ghosts."
Gradually their conversation died, the boys fell asleep. That night they dreamed of adventure, travel, first impressions of a new life.