сделать Упражнение 4. (повторение) Переведите предложения с причастием. Назовите причастие Present Participle I, Perfect Participle I, Past Participle.
Participle I — действительное причастие (active)
Participle II (=Past Participle) — страдательное причастие (passive)
The girl riding the horse is my sister.
She hurt herself (while) riding a bicycle.
Going to the club, I met some of my friends.
Leaving the house, I noticed someone in the garden.
Arriving at the station, we hurried to the information bureau.
The pictures exhibited there are very expensive.
Not knowing what to do, I turned to Jack for advice.
I often think of my friends living in Paris.
I went to bed, not being able to work.
The story written by him is rather thrilling.
Упражнение 5. Перефразируйте предложения одним из двух пример:Holding up a picture, the teacher asked us if we recognized the man. = The teacher held up a picture and asked us if we recognized the man.
задание:Walking in the forest, the children suddenly saw a wolf.
People stood on the bridge, watching the boats on the river.
The pupils remained silent for a minute or two, thinking about the teacher’s question.
Looking for his ticket in all his pockets, Tom discovered that he had lost it.
The crowd moved slowly forward, forcing the soldiers back.
Taking the dictionary, he looked up the unknown word.
Seeing clouds of smoke over the building, the girl cried, «Fire! Fire!»
Crossing the wide field, the frightened animal escaped into the forest.
Упражнение 6. Перефразируйте предложения с действительным причастием Perfect Participle I, подчеркивая предшествие.
ПРИМЕР. Having come home, he remembered her warning. = After he had come home, he remembered her warning.
Having gone there twice, I didn’t want to go there again.
Having left the house, I suddenly remembered that I had left behind the umbrella.
Having shown us his new picture, he left.
He knew the city very well, having lived in Paris for a long time.
Having written the book, he could relax.
Упражнение 7. Раскройте скобки, употребляя Present Participle или Perfect Participle.
(to translate the text), he was thinking hard.
(to translate the text), he went for a walk.
(to ride a bike), she fell off and hurt her knee.
(to ride a bike), she felt excited and energetic.
(to talk to her neighbour in the street), she didn’t notice her friend coming to her.
(to talk to her neighbour in the street), she went home.
(to read a story), she got interested.
(to read a story), she closed the book and put it on the shelf.
(to chop vegetables), she cut her finger.
(to chop vegetables), she put them in the bowl.
1. The girl riding the horse is my sister.
- Present Participle I: riding
- Perfect Participle I: ridden
- Past Participle: ridden
Объяснение: В данном предложении мы видим действие "riding" (езда), которое выражено причастием настоящего времени (Present Participle I). Поскольку это действие происходит в настоящем времени, мы используем форму "riding".
2. She hurt herself (while) riding a bicycle.
- Present Participle I: riding
- Perfect Participle I: ridden
- Past Participle: hurt
Объяснение: В данном предложении видим действие "riding" (езда), которое выражено причастием настоящего времени (Present Participle I). Действие "hurt" - это прошедшее время глагола "to hurt", поэтому его страдательное причастие - "hurt".
3. Going to the club, I met some of my friends.
- Present Participle I: going
- Perfect Participle I: gone
- Past Participle: gone
Объяснение: В данном предложении видим действие "going" (переходить), которое выражено причастием настоящего времени (Present Participle I). Действие "met" - это прошедшее время глагола "to meet", поэтому его страдательное причастие - "met".
4. Leaving the house, I noticed someone in the garden.
- Present Participle I: leaving
- Perfect Participle I: left
- Past Participle: left
Объяснение: В данном предложении видим действие "leaving" (уходить), которое выражено причастием настоящего времени (Present Participle I). Действие "noticed" - это прошедшее время глагола "to notice", поэтому его страдательное причастие - "noticed".
5. Arriving at the station, we hurried to the information bureau.
- Present Participle I: arriving
- Perfect Participle I: arrived
- Past Participle: arrived
Объяснение: В данном предложении видим действие "arriving" (прибывая), которое выражено причастием настоящего времени (Present Participle I). Действие "hurried" - это прошедшее время глагола "to hurry", поэтому его страдательное причастие - "hurried".
6. The pictures exhibited there are very expensive.
- Present Participle I: exhibiting
- Perfect Participle I: exhibited
- Past Participle: exhibited
Объяснение: В данном предложении видим действие "exhibiting" (выставляя), которое выражено причастием настоящего времени (Present Participle I). Действие "are" - это настоящее время глагола "to be", поэтому его страдательное причастие - "are".
7. Not knowing what to do, I turned to Jack for advice.
- Present Participle I: knowing
- Perfect Participle I: known
- Past Participle: known
Объяснение: В данном предложении видим действие "knowing" (зная), которое выражено причастием настоящего времени (Present Participle I). Действие "turned" - это прошедшее время глагола "to turn", поэтому его страдательное причастие - "turned".
8. I often think of my friends living in Paris.
- Present Participle I: living
- Perfect Participle I: lived
- Past Participle: lived
Объяснение: В данном предложении видим действие "living" (живущий), которое выражено причастием настоящего времени (Present Participle I). Действие "think" - это настоящее время глагола "to think".
9. I went to bed, not being able to work.
- Present Participle I: being
- Perfect Participle I: been
- Past Participle: been
Объяснение: В данном предложении видим действие "being" (будучи), которое выражено причастием настоящего времени (Present Participle I). Действие "went" - это прошедшее время глагола "to go", поэтому его страдательное причастие - "gone".
10. The story written by him is rather thrilling.
- Present Participle I: written
- Perfect Participle I: written
- Past Participle: written
Объяснение: В данном предложении видим действие "written" (написанное), которое выражено причастием настоящего времени (Present Participle I). Действие "is" - это настоящее время глагола "to be", поэтому его страдательное причастие - "is".
Упражнение 5:
1. Walking in the forest, the children suddenly saw a wolf.
- The children were walking in the forest when they suddenly saw a wolf.
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "Walking in the forest" на "The children were walking in the forest".
2. People stood on the bridge, watching the boats on the river.
- People stood on the bridge and watched the boats on the river.
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "watching the boats on the river" на "and watched the boats on the river".
3. The pupils remained silent for a minute or two, thinking about the teacher’s question.
- The pupils remained silent for a minute or two, while they were thinking about the teacher’s question.
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "thinking about the teacher’s question" на "while they were thinking about the teacher’s question".
4. Looking for his ticket in all his pockets, Tom discovered that he had lost it.
- Tom looked for his ticket in all his pockets and discovered that he had lost it.
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "Looking for his ticket in all his pockets" на "and discovered that he had lost it".
5. The crowd moved slowly forward, forcing the soldiers back.
- The crowd moved slowly forward and forced the soldiers back.
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "forcing the soldiers back" на "and forced the soldiers back".
6. Taking the dictionary, he looked up the unknown word.
- He took the dictionary and looked up the unknown word.
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "Taking the dictionary" на "He took the dictionary".
7. Seeing clouds of smoke over the building, the girl cried, "Fire! Fire!"
- The girl saw clouds of smoke over the building and cried, "Fire! Fire!"
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "Seeing clouds of smoke over the building" на "The girl saw clouds of smoke over the building".
8. Crossing the wide field, the frightened animal escaped into the forest.
- The frightened animal crossed the wide field and escaped into the forest.
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "Crossing the wide field" на "The frightened animal crossed the wide field".
Упражнение 6:
1. Having gone there twice, I didn't want to go there again.
- After I had gone there twice, I didn't want to go there again.
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "Having gone there twice" на "After I had gone there twice".
2. Having left the house, I suddenly remembered that I had left behind the umbrella.
- After I had left the house, I suddenly remembered that I had left behind the umbrella.
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "Having left the house" на "After I had left the house".
3. Having shown us his new picture, he left.
- After he had shown us his new picture, he left.
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "Having shown us his new picture" на "After he had shown us his new picture".
4. He knew the city very well, having lived in Paris for a long time.
- He knew the city very well, as he had lived in Paris for a long time.
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "Having lived in Paris for a long time" на "as he had lived in Paris for a long time".
5. Having written the book, he could relax.
- After he had written the book, he could relax.
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "Having written the book" на "After he had written the book".
Упражнение 7:
1. (to translate the text), he was thinking hard.
- Translating the text, he was thinking hard.
Объяснение: В данном предложении заменяем часть "(to translate the text)" на "Translating the text".
2. (to translate the text), he went for a walk.
- After translating the text, he went for a walk.
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "(to translate the text)" на "After translating the text".
3. (to ride a bike), she fell off and hurt her knee.
- Riding a bike, she fell off and hurt her knee.
Объяснение: В данном предложении заменяем часть "(to ride a bike)" на "Riding a bike".
4. (to ride a bike), she felt excited and energetic.
- While riding a bike, she felt excited and energetic.
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "(to ride a bike)" на "While riding a bike".
5. (to talk to her neighbour in the street), she didn't notice her friend coming to her.
- Talking to her neighbour in the street, she didn't notice her friend coming to her.
Объяснение: В данном предложении заменяем часть "(to talk to her neighbour in the street)" на "Talking to her neighbour in the street".
6. (to talk to her neighbour in the street), she went home.
- After talking to her neighbour in the street, she went home.
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "(to talk to her neighbour in the street)" на "After talking to her neighbour in the street".
7. (to read a story), she got interested.
- Reading a story, she got interested.
Объяснение: В данном предложении заменяем часть "(to read a story)" на "Reading a story".
8. (to read a story), she closed the book and put it on the shelf.
- After reading a story, she closed the book and put it on the shelf.
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "(to read a story)" на "After reading a story".
9. (to chop vegetables), she cut her finger.
- Chopping vegetables, she cut her finger.
Объяснение: В данном предложении заменяем часть "(to chop vegetables)" на "Chopping vegetables".
10. (to chop vegetables), she put them in the bowl.
- After chopping vegetables, she put them in the bowl.
Объяснение: В данном предложении перефразируем часть "(to chop vegetables)" на "After chopping vegetables".