Criminal procedure, also called the criminal process or the criminal justice system, is the mechanism thought which crimes are investigated, the guilt of criminals adjudicated, and punishment imposed. It includes the police, prosecutors, defense attorneys, and courts, the practices and procedures observed by them, and legal rules that govern them. In the criminal process an individual is pitted against the government, with all of its resources and authority, and only through the criminal process can the state’s most serious sanctions – imprisonment or even death – be applied.
Criminal law defines what conduct is criminal and prescribes the punishment for criminal conduct. Criminal procedure makes the criminal law work; the sanctions defined by criminal law are only effective because the criminal process can bring the sanctions to bear on individuals who violate the law. At the same time, criminal procedure aims to make sure that criminal sanctions are applied only to those who are guilty, and only through procedures that are recognized as fair. One goal of the criminal process is to punish the guilty, but other goals are to protect the innocent and to ensure that even the guilty are protected from abuse by the government.
Although we talk about “the” criminal process, different systems are in place in each state and in the federal courts.
1. He (did not waste) time with foolish questions like why, when and where. He did as he was told. 2. Always a punctual woman, she (comes) downstairs as the front door (is being opened) for Charles. 3. Some kind of public demonstration (is being planned) to take place at the airport tonight. 4. The flight (had not been announced) yet. It (would not be announced) for another half-hour, at least. 5. The message, as Tanya (was dictating) it, (was being typed) by a girl clerk in New York. 6. She could tell by the inclination of his head that he (had been listening) intently to everything that (had been said). 7. It (is) an old house that (is divided) into flats. 8. Julia can’t know what (is being said) about her, and someone must tell her. 9. Each apartment was usually ( shared) by two or three girls. They (were known) as stewardess’ nests. 10. Inez (occupied) a chair in the room’s centre to which she (had been/was guided) on arrival. 11. He ( saw) that the doors of Trans America Flight Two (had not been closed) yet, and a few remaining passengers were still ( checking) in.
Criminal procedure, also called the criminal process or the criminal justice system, is the mechanism thought which crimes are investigated, the guilt of criminals adjudicated, and punishment imposed. It includes the police, prosecutors, defense attorneys, and courts, the practices and procedures observed by them, and legal rules that govern them. In the criminal process an individual is pitted against the government, with all of its resources and authority, and only through the criminal process can the state’s most serious sanctions – imprisonment or even death – be applied.
Criminal law defines what conduct is criminal and prescribes the punishment for criminal conduct. Criminal procedure makes the criminal law work; the sanctions defined by criminal law are only effective because the criminal process can bring the sanctions to bear on individuals who violate the law. At the same time, criminal procedure aims to make sure that criminal sanctions are applied only to those who are guilty, and only through procedures that are recognized as fair. One goal of the criminal process is to punish the guilty, but other goals are to protect the innocent and to ensure that even the guilty are protected from abuse by the government.
Although we talk about “the” criminal process, different systems are in place in each state and in the federal courts.
2. Always a punctual woman, she (comes) downstairs as the front door (is being opened) for Charles.
3. Some kind of public demonstration (is being planned) to take place at the airport tonight.
4. The flight (had not been announced) yet. It (would not be announced) for another half-hour, at least.
5. The message, as Tanya (was dictating) it, (was being typed) by a girl clerk in New York.
6. She could tell by the inclination of his head that he (had been listening) intently to everything that (had been said).
7. It (is) an old house that (is divided) into flats.
8. Julia can’t know what (is being said) about her, and someone must tell her.
9. Each apartment was usually ( shared) by two or three girls. They (were known) as stewardess’ nests.
10. Inez (occupied) a chair in the room’s centre to which she (had been/was guided) on arrival.
11. He ( saw) that the doors of Trans America Flight Two (had not been closed) yet, and a few remaining passengers were still ( checking) in.