Task 1. Complete the text with the derivatives of the words.
I Don’t Feel Like Ending Up Bachelorhood Now
1.Mark Ball has been concentrating on his RECENT
2.life, 3.his relation with PERSON, SPECIFIC
Claire Jackson 4. have chronicled his and PHOTOGRAPH
Claire’s 5.meeting in Italy, Greece, Spain and ROMANCE
in the 6.part of France. By the look of it, the romance SOUTH
is going from 7.to 8. leading to the STRONG, STRONG
obvious 9.about their 10.. Though in SPECULATE, MARRY
one of the interviews Mark has said that for now, at least, he is
not feeling like ending up his Bachelorhood.
Task 2. Choose the appropriate items to complete the sentences.
1. The farmer somehow managed tofrom the arid land.
a. scratch a living b. scratch a surface c. scratch together d. scratch around
2. Clara has always been to take any decision.
a. hesitating b. hesitant c. hesitation d. hesitated
3. There were serious in the city last summer.
a. disturbs b. distresses c. disturbances d. distributions
4. These drugs are for the of tropical diseases.
a. treaty b. treats c. treating d. treatment
5. The child rubbedwhat he had written on the blackboard.
a. along b. down c. in d. out
6. The kids went to the park while sat in the garden.
a. growns b. growners c. grown-ups d. growns-up
Task 3. Complete the text.
1. had biscuits 5. where we found them
2. watch for traffic 6. in the plastic cup
3. and the plant goes up 7.at nursery school
4. and play and work
Wisdom Gained in the Sandpit
Most of what I really need to know about how to live, and what to do and how to be I heard
A. Wisdom was not at the top of the university mountain, but there in the sandpit. These are the things I learnt. Share everything. Play fair. Put things back B. Clean up your own mass. Don’t take things that aren’t yours. Live a balanced life: learn a bit, and draw and sing and dance Cevery day.
Take a nap in the afternoon. When you go into the world, D, hold hands and stick together. Be aware of wonder. Remember the little seed in the plastic cup. The roots go down
E, and nobody really knows why, but we are all like that.
Goldfish and hamster and white mice and even the little seed F-they all die. So do we. And then one of the fish words you learn to read, the biggest word at all: look.
Think what a better world be if we all Gabout three o’clock every afternoon and then lay down with our blankets for a nap or if we had a basic policy always to put things back where we found them and cleaned up our own messes. And it is still true, no matter how old you are, when you go out into the world, it is best to hold hands and stick together.
She said to us " Do it as soon as you can". She told us a) to do it as soon as we could.
Direct-indirect conversion
При переводе прямой речи в косвенную, временная форма сдвигается на шаг в кроме следующих случаев:
1. Если слова автора в настоящем или будущем времени. He will say that he has been there before. Он скажет, что уже был здесь.
2. Действие в Past Perfect (Continuous) или в Future-in-the-Past.
3. Обстоятельства времени не изменились. He said that he bought it yesterday. Он сказал, что купил это вчера.
4. Утверждение всегда верно. The teacher said that water boils at 100 C. Учитель сказал, что вода кипит при ста градусах.
5. Утверждение верно длительный период времени или в текущем отрезке времени. She said that she loves you. Она сказала, что любит тебя.
6. Сообщение повторяется сразу же. He said that the food is delicious. Он сказал, что еда изыскана.
7. В условных предложениях 2 типа. He said that if he were you, he wouldn’t do that. Он сказал, что на твоём месте он не стал бы этого делать.
8. Желаемые события. She said she wished she were younger. Она о том, что она не моложе.
9. Глагол ought to. He said they ought to be careful. Он сказал, что им следует быть осторожней.
10. Глагол must в значении «должно быть». He said that they must be at home. Он сказал, что они должно быть дома.
Для передачи общих вопросов используется if или whether. Вопросительные предложения передаются с прямым порядком слов: He asked me if/whether they were at home. С глаголом-связкой порядок может быть обратным: He asked me what was the price.
При сдвиге временной формы глагола в в косвенной речи, по ситуации, изменяются обстоятельства места и времени, местоимения, а также, происходит отстранение от эмоций:
this – that, these – those, here – there, now - then (at that moment, at once, immediately), come – go, today – (on) that day, yesterday – the day before(earlier), tomorrow - (on) the next (following) day, last week – the week before, ago - before(earlier), next week – the next (following) week, now that – since, so – very, yes/no – answered in the positive/negative, he - that man, we - they, come - go.
Если из прямой речи лицо не известно, используется местоимение they, а в словах автора wanted to know, wondered:
He said: “Come here”. – He told them to come up to him.
He said: “Where are you going?” – He wanted to know/wondered where they were going.