TASK FOR READING COMPREHENSION
1) Matter is basically a solid, liquid, or yes that takes up
CAtTime
CB: Space
C:Energy
CD: Heat
2) Oxygen, helium, and propane are examples of a
C A: Solid
C B: Liquid
CC: Gas
C D: Mineral
3) Which of the following states of matter has a definite shape?
CA: Solid
C B: Liquid
C C: Gas
CD: None of the above
4 Which of the following states of matter takes on the shape of the container?
CA: Solid
C B: Liquid
CC: Gas
SD: All of the above
5) Which of the following states of matter has no surface or particular size?
C A Solid
C B: Liquid
C C: Gas
D: Both b and c
6) Which of the following describes the molecules in a solid?
A: The molecules are spread out and have lots of energy.
B: The molecules are spread out some, but less than a gas.
C C: The molecules can easily be moved through
D: The molecules are compact and close together.
UUDU​

Речь идет о defining relative clauses (они НЕ выделяются) и non-defining relative clauses (они выделяются). В первом случае придаточную часть (часть, в которой содержится дополнительная информация) убирать НЕЛЬЗЯ, так как это приведет к неясности предложения и/или нарушения смысла. В этом случае эта придаточная часть является ключевой уточняющей информацией. Во втором случае эту часть убрать можно, так как если мы ее уберем, смысл предложения не потеряется. В этом случае эта придаточная часть играет роль дополняющей, дополнительной, не совсем важной информации.

1. The question that is bound to come up during the discussion will help us to see the problem.  (тут нет запятых, так как информация важная, без нее мы не поймем какой именно вопрос нам разобраться с проблемой)

2. Mr. Hardiman, who is an elderly man, is now redundant.  (тут есть запятые, так как информация не важная, без нее мы поймем какой именно мужчина уволен (мистер Хардимен) )

3. Bob Hardiman who had left the company to look after his father rejoined Harper & Grant Ltd. after his father’s death.

4. The contribution which Mr. Hardiman had paid into the pension fund gave him the right to qualify for a pension.

5. Mr. Nelson, who is due to retire, is entitled to a full pension.

6. The people who live next door helped my father to find retraining courses.

7. Interest on bank borrowings and other loans, that we paid, left $1 million, and we can transfer it to reserves.

8. A friend of mine whose father is the manager of the company helped me to get a job.

9. The population of London, which was once the largest city of the world, is now falling.

10. The first category of statistics that make up the composite index of leading economic indicators is employment.

There are a lot of countries and nationalities in the world. Every country has its own language-In Russia – it is Russian, in Germany it is German, in Italy – it is Italian. But in most countries people understand you if you speak English.  Every country has their own traditions and customs. In Russia we celebrate New Year in December, but in   Thailand it is in April. In most European countries Christmas day is more important holiday then New Year.  Every country has its own national anthem and flag. Every country has its own state system. In Great Britain the head of a country is the Queen. In most other countries it is a president. Every country has its own traditional dish. In Russia we eat  borsch or meat dumplings. In England they like to eat fish and chips. In Germany they like  fried sausages. Every country has own traditional clothes and religion.All countries are different. And all people are different. But we must respect each other and be friendly to each other.