Topic “FUEL SYSTEM. BRAKES”.
1. Vocabulary.
to vary – изменять(ся), менять(ся)
to meet the requirements – удовлетворять нужды, требования
pound – фунт
operating conditions - условия работы, режим работы, рабочие условия
close (зд.) - кристальный
service brakes - рабочие тормоза
emergency brake - ручной тормоз (стояночный тормоз)
side by side – рядом
to store – хранить
to deliver – передавать, доставлять
intake stroke – ход всасывания
vapour – пар
fuel – топливо
requirement – требование
tank – бак
importance – важность
ordinary – обычный
2. Read and translate the text.
FUEL SYSTEM
The fuel system is designed, to store liquid gasoline and to deliver it to the engine cylinders on the intake strokes in the form of vapour mixed with air. The fuel system must vary the proportions of air and gasoline vapour to meet the requirements of the various operations conditions. The fuel system consists of a tank in which the liquid gasoline is stored, a fuel line, or tube, through which the gasoline can be brought from the tank to the engine, a pump, which pulls the gasoline through the fuel line, and a carburetor, which mixes the gasoline with air. The carburetor is designed to mix each pound of gasoline with 9 to 15 pounds of air under various operating conditions.
BRAKES
It is not necessary to explain the importance of brakes. It is clear that without brakes the car is quite helpless. They must be well and strongly made. It is necessary to give them close and careful attention. There are two sets of brakes, one for ordinary service, called the service brakes, and the other for emergency use, called the emergency brakes. Sometimes both are mounted inside the same drum. Sometimes one is outside and the other - inside The service brake is operated by a pedal. The emergency brake is operated by a lever.
3. Answer the questions:
1. Describe the fuel system.
2. What are the functions of the carburetor?
3. Why the fuel system is used?
4. What are there are two sets of brakes?
5. Is the service brake operated by a pedal or by lever?
6. Why the car is quite helpless without brakes?
2. True or false:
The fuel system is designed, to store liquid gasoline and to deliver it to the engine cylinders on the intake strokes in the form of vapour mixed with air.
Sometimes both are mounted outside the same drum.
They must not be well and strongly made.
The carburetor is designed to mix each pound of gasoline with 9 to 20 pounds of air.
It is necessary to explain the importance of brakes.
The fuel system consists of a tank in which the liquid gasoline is stored, a fuel line, or tube, a pump and a carburetor.
to vary – to change or alter
to meet the requirements – to satisfy the needs or demands
pound – a unit of weight
operating conditions - the conditions under which something operates or functions
close - clear or transparent
service brakes - brakes used for regular operation
emergency brake - a handbrake used for emergency situations or parking
side by side – next to each other
to store – to keep or hold something for future use
to deliver – to transport or provide something to a recipient
intake stroke – the stroke in an engine where the fuel-air mixture is drawn in
vapour – a substance in the form of gas or steam
fuel – a substance used to produce energy, such as gasoline
requirement – a necessity or condition that must be met
tank – a container for holding a liquid or gas
importance – the state or quality of being significant or valuable
ordinary – usual or normal
2. Read and translate the text.
FUEL SYSTEM
The fuel system is designed to store liquid gasoline and deliver it to the engine cylinders during the intake strokes in the form of vapor mixed with air. The fuel system must adjust the proportions of air and gasoline vapor to meet the requirements of different operating conditions. The fuel system consists of a tank where the liquid gasoline is stored, a fuel line or tube for transferring the gasoline from the tank to the engine, a pump that pulls the gasoline through the fuel line, and a carburetor that mixes the gasoline with air. The carburetor is designed to mix each pound of gasoline with 9 to 15 pounds of air under various operating conditions.
BRAKES
The importance of brakes does not need to be explained. It is obvious that without brakes, a car would be helpless. Brakes must be well-made and strong. They require close and careful attention. There are two sets of brakes: service brakes for regular operation, and emergency brakes for emergency use. Sometimes both sets of brakes are mounted inside the same drum, while in other cases one set is outside and the other is inside. The service brakes are operated by a pedal, while the emergency brakes are operated by a lever.
3. Answer the questions:
1. Describe the fuel system.
- The fuel system is responsible for storing liquid gasoline and delivering it to the engine's cylinders in the form of vapor mixed with air. It consists of a tank, a fuel line, a pump, and a carburetor.
2. What are the functions of the carburetor?
- The carburetor is responsible for mixing the gasoline with air in the appropriate proportions before it enters the engine's cylinders.
3. Why is the fuel system used?
- The fuel system is used to provide the engine with the necessary fuel-air mixture to generate power and enable the car to operate.
4. Why are there two sets of brakes?
- There are two sets of brakes to ensure both regular operation and emergency stopping power. The service brakes are used for normal braking, while the emergency brakes are reserved for urgent situations.
5. Is the service brake operated by a pedal or lever?
- The service brake is operated by a pedal.
6. Why is the car quite helpless without brakes?
- Brakes are crucial for the car's ability to stop and control its speed. Without brakes, the car can become uncontrollable and potentially cause accidents or damage to people and property.
True or false:
The fuel system is designed to store liquid gasoline and deliver it to the engine cylinders on the intake strokes in the form of vapor mixed with air. (True)
Sometimes both sets of brakes are mounted outside the same drum. (False)
They must not be well and strongly made. (False)
The carburetor is designed to mix each pound of gasoline with 9 to 20 pounds of air. (False)
It is necessary to explain the importance of brakes. (True)
The fuel system consists of a tank in which the liquid gasoline is stored, a fuel line or tube, a pump, and a carburetor. (True)