Variant II COMPANY FINANCE A company's share capital is often referred to as equity capital. Part of the company's profit is paid to shareholders as a dividend according to the number of shares they own. If shareholders sell their shares they get more or less than the face value. It depends on the fact if the company is doing well or badly. If the company needs to raise more capital for expansion it might issue new shares. Often it gives existing shareholders the right to buy these new shares at a low price. This is called right issue. If the company wants to turn some of its profit into capital or capitalise some of its profit it can issue new shares at no cost to the existing shareholders. This issue is called bonus or capitalisation issue. Companies often issue such shares instead of paying dividends to the shareholders. A business must be supplied with finance at the moment it requires it. If there is a regular inflow of receipts from sales and a regular outflow of payments for the expenses of operation there are no serious problems. But in many cases a considerable time must elapse between expenditure and the receipt of income. It is the purpose of financial institutions to assist in the financing of business during this interval. Business companies turn to the capital market and the commercial banks for assistance. share capital (equity capital, joint stock capital, stock) акционерный капитал rights issue выпуск акций для размещения среди существующих акционеров according to согласно (ч.-л.) to turn into превращать(ся) в... face value нарицательная стоимость to capitalize капитализировать to raise собирать деньги to elapse проходить(о времени) Exercise 1. Make sentences using the words in the correct order 1 Profit, are, of the company's, dividends, the part. 2 Shareholders, paid, to, dividends, are. 3 Own, the number, shareholders, of shares. 4. Shares, sometimes, sell, their, shareholders. 5 Is, well, the company, doing. 6 Might, new, the company, shares, issue. 7 Buy, at a low, these, they, new, price, shares. 8 Finance, must, with, supplied, business, be. 9 Are, no, problems, there, serious. 10. Market, companies, to the capital, business, turn. 11. Assist, commercial, business, banks, companies. Exercise 2. Answer the questions 1. Whom does the company pay the part of its profit? 2. How much is a dividend? 3. What should a company do in order to raise the capital? 4. What must a company do if it wants to turn some of its profit into capital? 5. When does a business have serious problems? 6. Who must control the financing of business between the expenditures and receipt of income? 7. What is capitalization issue? Exercise 3. Complete the sentences 1. ……. is a part of company`s profit. 2. If the company is doing well …. get more than the face value when … the shares. 3. ………… is when existing shareholders have the right to buy shares at a low price. 4. Company issues bonus at ……. to the existing shareholders when it does not want to pay dividends. 5. Business companies may turn to ……… and …… for assistance. Exercise 4. Translate the following words and word combinations 1. акционерный капитал (3 варианта) 2. акции 3. акционеры 4. нарицательная стоимость 5. нарастить капитал 6. покупать акции по низкой цене 7. выпускать акции 8. существующие акционеры 9. поступление денежных средств 10. отток платежей 11. рынок привлечения финансов Exercise 5. Write the synopsis of the text.
A lonely young woman walking by the Seine river. It is evening and the sun's almost set, pouring the sidewalk with mild orange, concentrating and stretching the shadows. It is late autumn and everything is still. The river is still, either the sky and The Eiffell Tower, warming itself with the last evening sunrays on the background. Looks like the sun stopped for a minute to glance at this urban landscape before it will be devoured by a crawling night. River trams are motionless and empty. The birch tree said goodbye to its summer dress long time ago and only waits for winter. The woman is dressed in red demi-season light overcoat, she have not very short black hair, tied up in a ponytail. She's the only one who moves, yet very smoothly, even slightly. She is the only element of life on this still, poised picture (sight). Will she cross Debilly footbridge or walk along the riverside? Who knows. But it is for sure, that she will disappear.
Объяснение:
This picture shows a young person (girl). As you can see in the picture, she is sitting in the phone. At the moment, a lot of young people are sitting in smartphones, gadgets, and so on. Without spending time studying, reading, etc. Sitting in smartphones can be both useful and not useful. It may be useful that you can read books and so on do not spend time in vain and it is not useful to sit in games for hours which contributes to poor vision. Don't sit on your phones for too long if you want good eyesight.
Объяснение:
Так?