The giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) is an African even-toed ungulate mammal, the tallest living terrestrial animal and the largest ruminant. Its species name refers to its camel-like appearance and the patches of color on its fur. Its chief distinguishing characteristics are its extremely long neck and legs, its horn-like ossicones and its distinctive coat patterns. It stands 5–6 m (16–20 ft) tall and has an average weight of 1,600 kg (3,500 lb) for males and 830 kg (1,800 lb) for females. It is classified under the family Giraffidae, along with its closest extant relative, the okapi. The 9 subspecies are distinguished by their coat patterns.
The giraffe's scattered range extends from Chad in the north to South Africa in the south, and from Niger in the west to Somalia in the east. Giraffes usually inhabit savannas, grasslands, and open woodlands. Their primary food source is acacia leaves, which they browse at heights most other herbivores cannot reach. Giraffes are preyed on by lions, and calves are also targeted by leopards, spotted hyenas and wild dogs. Adult giraffes do not have strong social bonds, though they do gather in loose aggregations if they happen to be moving in the same general direction. Males establish social hierarchies through "necking", which are combat bouts where the neck is used as a weapon. Dominant males gain mating access to females, which bear the sole responsibility for raising the young.
The giraffe has intrigued various cultures, both ancient and modern, for its peculiar appearance, and has often been featured in paintings, books and cartoons. It is classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as Least Concern, but has been extirpated from many parts of its former range, and some subspecies are classified as Endangered. Nevertheless, giraffes are still found in numerous national parks and game reserves.
Boars live in a wide variety of conditions. In the taiga zone, in the forest belt, in the mountains in thickets and hazel. The body length is more than 1.5 m, the boar can weigh 250 kg and even (in the Far East) 300 kg. They have terrifying fangs, especially the lower ones. The fangs reach 24-25 cm in length and are bent in a semicircle. Boars can hear perfectly and have a fine sense of smell, but they see relatively poorly. In spring and summer, the daily course of wild boars does not exceed 5-6 km, in autumn it reaches 12 km, in winter, deep snow hinders long-distance hikes, and wild boars pass from several hundred meters to 3-4 km. In summer, boars come out to feed before sunset until dawn. Since autumn, they go to feed earlier-during the day, and in winter they spend the night in dens, the day-on feeding. In April, 4-6 piglets appear, sometimes even 10-12. They are in the den for a week, huddled close to each other. In the second week, the female begins to take the piglets for walks. In nature, boar lives 10-12 years, in captivity, they can live 20 years.
Кабаны живут в самых разнообразных условиях. Они могут жить в таёжной зоне, в лесополосе, в горах в зарослях лещины и орешника. Длина тела составляет более 1,5 м. Кабан может весить 250 кг и даже (на Дальнем Востоке) 300 кг. У них ужасные клыки, особенно нижние. Клыки достигают 24-25 см в длину и изогнуты полукругом. Кабаны прекрасно слышат и обладают прекрасным обонянием, но видят они сравнительно плохо. Весной и летом суточный ход кабанов не превышает 5-6 км, осенью он достигает 12 км, зимой глубокий снег затрудняет дальние походы, и кабаны проходят от нескольких сотен метров до 3-4 км. Летом кабаны выходят на кормежку перед закатом и кормятся до рассвета. С осени они выходят на кормежку раньше - днем, а зимой ночуют в берлогах, днем - на кормежке.
В апреле появляются 4-6 поросят, иногда даже 10-12. Они ещё неделю сидят в берлоге, тесно прижавшись друг к другу. На второй неделе самка начинает выводить поросят на прогулку. В природе кабан живет 10-12 лет, в неволе он может прожить и 20 лет.
The giraffe's scattered range extends from Chad in the north to South Africa in the south, and from Niger in the west to Somalia in the east. Giraffes usually inhabit savannas, grasslands, and open woodlands. Their primary food source is acacia leaves, which they browse at heights most other herbivores cannot reach. Giraffes are preyed on by lions, and calves are also targeted by leopards, spotted hyenas and wild dogs. Adult giraffes do not have strong social bonds, though they do gather in loose aggregations if they happen to be moving in the same general direction. Males establish social hierarchies through "necking", which are combat bouts where the neck is used as a weapon. Dominant males gain mating access to females, which bear the sole responsibility for raising the young.
The giraffe has intrigued various cultures, both ancient and modern, for its peculiar appearance, and has often been featured in paintings, books and cartoons. It is classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as Least Concern, but has been extirpated from many parts of its former range, and some subspecies are classified as Endangered. Nevertheless, giraffes are still found in numerous national parks and game reserves.
Boars live in a wide variety of conditions. In the taiga zone, in the forest belt, in the mountains in thickets and hazel. The body length is more than 1.5 m, the boar can weigh 250 kg and even (in the Far East) 300 kg. They have terrifying fangs, especially the lower ones. The fangs reach 24-25 cm in length and are bent in a semicircle. Boars can hear perfectly and have a fine sense of smell, but they see relatively poorly. In spring and summer, the daily course of wild boars does not exceed 5-6 km, in autumn it reaches 12 km, in winter, deep snow hinders long-distance hikes, and wild boars pass from several hundred meters to 3-4 km. In summer, boars come out to feed before sunset until dawn. Since autumn, they go to feed earlier-during the day, and in winter they spend the night in dens, the day-on feeding. In April, 4-6 piglets appear, sometimes even 10-12. They are in the den for a week, huddled close to each other. In the second week, the female begins to take the piglets for walks. In nature, boar lives 10-12 years, in captivity, they can live 20 years.
Кабаны живут в самых разнообразных условиях. Они могут жить в таёжной зоне, в лесополосе, в горах в зарослях лещины и орешника. Длина тела составляет более 1,5 м. Кабан может весить 250 кг и даже (на Дальнем Востоке) 300 кг. У них ужасные клыки, особенно нижние. Клыки достигают 24-25 см в длину и изогнуты полукругом. Кабаны прекрасно слышат и обладают прекрасным обонянием, но видят они сравнительно плохо. Весной и летом суточный ход кабанов не превышает 5-6 км, осенью он достигает 12 км, зимой глубокий снег затрудняет дальние походы, и кабаны проходят от нескольких сотен метров до 3-4 км. Летом кабаны выходят на кормежку перед закатом и кормятся до рассвета. С осени они выходят на кормежку раньше - днем, а зимой ночуют в берлогах, днем - на кормежке.
В апреле появляются 4-6 поросят, иногда даже 10-12. Они ещё неделю сидят в берлоге, тесно прижавшись друг к другу. На второй неделе самка начинает выводить поросят на прогулку. В природе кабан живет 10-12 лет, в неволе он может прожить и 20 лет.