13Sasharubakova

09.09.2021 14:27 •  Английский язык

Зделать перевод тексту in the 1860s london was, quite literally, the capital of the world. the city was growing, and as its population grew as well, transport in the city became a big problem. some new way of travelling was needed and people looked to the innovations of the industrial revolution. the invention of the steam engine was relatively new and exciting and people began to think that it could be possible to transport people by trains underground. so it was that in 1863, using techniques borrowed from digging tunnels for other uses, a 2-mile line from paddington in west london to farringdon in east london was built. major cities all over the world soon copied this type of city transit engineering. the most famous include: 1. moscow underground which is the largest in terms of passenger numbers, with more than a billion passenger journeys a year. some underground stations are very beautiful and include sculptures, mosaic pictures in the ceilings, picturesque decorations. the first line was open in the thirties of the 20”‘ century. it ran through the city centre and had just ten stations. 2. the new york underground which is the largest in terms of kilometres covered. it is often called the “subway” and is one of the world’s cheapest, with a single journey to and from any station just $2. it is characterized by the fact that its lines are named by num- bers and letters (like 1, 3 and a, d) and has carriages that are heated in winter and air- conditioned in summer. 3. the paris metro which was built at the turn of the 20”‘ century and has 368 stations covering 15 lines and transporting around six million people daily. some stations are designed in a very artistic way characterized by flower and leaf motifs. the architect hector guimard decorated this mass transit system in tune with the city. 4. the tokyo subway which became notoriousz in 1995 when aum shinri kyo cult used sarin gas on a train, killing 12 people. however, it is one of the safest underground systemsand generally people characterize it as the world’s best in terms of ease of use and comfort. 5 the london underground (the metropolitan railway) which was opened in 1863 and londoners at once began speaking about it as a fashionable way to travel. the metropolitan railway grew and began to be called the tube because of the narrow tunnels that characterize the older parts of the system. today the london underground covers most of greater london with 11 different lines and 970 million passenger journeys every year.