Из сосуда, в котором находится 100 грамм воды при температуре 0 градусов, быстро выкачать воздух при этом за счет интенсивного испарения происходит замораживание испарившейся воды. какая масса воды может быть обращена таким в лед?

1. 

дано

q1=4 нкл  =4*10^-9 кл

q2=6 нкл =6*10^-9 кл

k=9*10^9   н*м2/кл2

r=10 см=0.1 м

x - ?

решение

х -расстояние от первого заряда

r-x - расстояние от второго

напряженность

e1=kq1/x^2

e2=kq2/(r-x)^2

заряды одноименные, значит направления e1,e2 - противоположные

по условию

e=e1-e2=0

e1=e2

kq1/x^2=kq2/(r-x)^2

q1/x^2=q2/(r-x)^2

(r-x)^2 / x^2 = q2/q1

подставим значения 

(0.1-x)^2 /x^2 = 6*10^-9 /  4*10^-9

(0.1-x / x)^2 =6/4 =3/2

0.1-x / x =   √(3/2)

0.1-x   =   √(3/2)x

0.1   =   √(3/2)x+x

x =0.1 / (√(3/2)+1)=0.0449 м = 4.5 см   - расстояние от 1-го заряда

10- х =5.5 см - расстояние от второго

ответ     4.5 см  или   5.5 см

2.

а)  ∆φ = e*(x2-x1)=100*0.10=10 b

б) а   = q*∆φ=5*10^-6 кл * 10 в=5*10^-5 дж 

в) f=a/(x2-x1) =5*10^-5 дж / 0.10 м =5*10^-4 н

г)   e1 = e/e   -уменьшится   в 7 раз

 

 

 

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