5*. На полное сгорание углеводорода количеством 0,03 моль был затрачен кислород объемом 4,368 дм3 (н.у.). Образовавшийся
углекислый газ пропустили через раствор гидроксида кальция,
в результате выпал осадок массой 12 г. Укажите число атомов
Водорода в составе молекулы углеводорода.
ПЕРВОЕ:
3,2г Х
S + О₂ = SO₂
32г/моль 64г/моль
М(S) = 32г/моль М(SO₂) = 32+2·16 = 64г/моль
Х = m (SO₂)
3,2×64
По составленной выше пропорции находим Х = = 6,4г
32
m (SO₂) = 6,4г
ВТОРОЕ:
6,4г у
2SO₂ + О₂ = 2SO₃
2×64 г/моль 160г/моль
М(SO₂) = 2·(32+2·16) = 128г/моль
М(SO₃) = 2·(32+3·16) = 160г/моль
160·6,4
По сост. выше пропорции находим у = = 8г
32
у=m(SO₃) =8г
ТРЕТЬЕ:
8г z
SO₃ + Н₂O = Н₂SO₄
80г/моль 98г/моль
М(Н₂SO₄) = 1·2+32+4·16 = 128г/моль
98·8
z = = 9,8г z = m (Н₂SO₄ ) =9,8г
80
ОТВЕТ: масса серной кислоты (Н₂SO₄ ) =9,8г
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