7 сынып химия N элементнің атауыи​

Mr[CH4] = Ar[C] + Ar[H] * 4 = 12.0107 + 1.00794 * 4 = 16.04246 = 16

Массовая доля углерода (C) = 12.0107 : 16.04246 * 100 = 74.868 %

Массовая доля водорода (H) = 4.03176 : 16.04246 * 100 = 25.132 %

Mr[CO2] = Ar[C] + Ar[O] * 2 = 12.0107 + 15.9994 * 2 = 44.0095 = 44

Массовая доля углерода (C) = 12.0107 : 44.0095 * 100 = 27.291 %

Массовая доля кислорода (O) = 31.9988 : 44.0095 * 100 = 72.709 %

Mr[HNO3] = Ar[H] + Ar[N] + Ar[O] * 3 = 1.00794 + 14.0067 + 15.9994 * 3 = 63.01284 = 63

Массовая доля водорода (H) = 1.00794 : 63.01284 * 100 = 1.6 %

Массовая доля азота (N) = 14.0067 : 63.01284 * 100 = 22.228 %

Массовая доля кислорода (O) = 47.9982 : 63.01284 * 100 = 76.172 %

Объяснение:

1. C2H6 + Br2 = C2H5Br + HBr
C2H5Br + NaOH = C2H5OH + NaBr
C2H5OH + CH3COOH ---(H2SO4)---> CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH = CH3COONa + C2H5OH
CH3COONa + NaOH + t (сплав) = CH4 + Na2CO3  CH4 + t = C2H2
C2H2 + HCl = CH2=CH-Cl    nCH2=CH-Cl = [-CH2-CH(Cl)-]n

2. CH3COOCH3 ---(NaOH/H2O)---> CH3COONa + CH3OH
CH3OH + O2 ---(V2O5/t)---> HCOH + H2O
HCOH + [Ag(NH3)2]OH = Ag + HCOOH + H2O + 2NH3
HCOH ---(H2/Ni)---> CH3OH
CH3OH + C2H5COOH ---(H2SO4)---> C2H5COOCH3 + H2O
C2H5COOCH3 + NaOH (водн) = C2H5COONa + CH3OH
C2H5COONa + NaOH + t (сплав) = C2H6 + Na2CO3

3. C3H7OH ---(Cu/t)---> C2H5CHO + H2
C2H5CHO + Cu(OH)2 = C2H5COOH + Cu2O
C2H5COOH + C2H5OH ---(H2SO4)---> C2H5COOC2H5
C2H5COOC2H5 + NaOH (водн) = C2H5COONa + C2H5OH