Сколько граммов нитрита натрия потребуется для восстановления в кислой среде 250 мл 0,1 м раствора перманганата калия?

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Объяснение:

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1. N2 + 3H2 = 2NH3

n(N2) = 1 моль n(H2) = 3 моль

Если n(N2) = 5 моль, то n(H2) = 15 моль.

V = Mn

M(H2) = 1*2 = 2л/моль

V = 2*15 = 30 л.

 

2. Fe2O3.

M = 56*2 + 16*3 = 160 г/моль

X = 56*2/160 = 112/160 = 70% (или 0,7)

 

3.               t

6P + 3O2 = P2O3

n(P) = 6 моль.

m=M*n

M(P) = 31 г/моль.

m = 6*31 = 186 г.

 

4. Cм. 1 задачу, она такая же.

 

5. 2Fe2O3 + 3C = 4Fe + 3CO2 (газ).

Если    n(Fe2O3) = 0,2 моль,

то   n(Fe) = 0,4 моль.

m=M*n

M=56 г/моль.

m = 56*0,4 = 22,4 г.

 

6.           t

AgNO3 = Ag + NO3

 

m(AgNO3) = 1,7 г.

n(AgNO3) = m/M

 

M(AgNO3) = 108 + 14 + 16*3 = 112 + 48 = 160 г/моль.

 

n(AgNO3) = 1,7/160 = 0,010625 моль.

 

n(AgNO3) = n(Ag) = 0,010625 моль.

 

7. Сu2O + H2 = Cu + H2O

 

m(Cu) = 12,8 г.

M(Cu) = 64 г/моль.

n = m/M

n = 12,8/64 = 0,2 моль.

 

V(H2) = M*n

n(H2) = n(Cu) = 0,2 моль.

M(H2) - 1*2 = 2 л/моль.

 

V(H2) = 0,2*2 = 0,4 л.

 

8. 2H2 + O2 = 2H2O

 

n(O2) = 4 моль. =>

n(H2) = 8 моль.

 

V(H2) = M*n

M(H2) = 2 л/моль.

V(H2) = 2*8 = 16 л.

 

9.
Na2CO3 + CaCl2 = CaCO3(осадок) + 2NaCl.

 

n(CaCl2) = mр.в./M(CaCl2)

 

200г = 100%

mр.в. = Хг = 5%

 

Х/200 = 0,05

Х = 0,05 * 200 =  10 г.

 

M(CaCl2) = 40 + 35,5*2 = 110 г/моль.

 

n(CaCl2) = 10/110 =(прим.) 0,9 моль. =>

 

n(CaCO3) = n(CaCl2) = 0,9 моль.

 

M(CaCO3) = 40 + 12 + 16*3 = 52 + 48 = 100г/моль.

 

m(CaCO3) = M*n

 

m(CaCO3) = 100*0.9 = 90 г.

 

10. 6HCl + 2Al = 2AlCl3 + 3H2(газ).

m(Al) = 5.4 г.

M(Al) = 27г/моль.

n = m/M

n(Al) = 5.4/27 = 0.2 моль.=>

n(H2) = 0.3 моль.

M(H2) = 1*2 = 2л/моль.

m = M*n

m = 0.3*2 = 0.6 л.

 

11. BaCl2.

 

BaCl2 + H2SO4 = 2HCl + BaSO4 (осадок)

BaCl2 + 2AgNO3 = Ba(NO3)2 + 2AgCl (осадок).

 

12. Сa(OH)2

 

1) Ca(OH)2 + CO2 = CaCO3 (осадок) + H2O

2) 3Сa(OH)2 + 2H3PO4 = Ca3(PO4)2 (осадок) + 6H2O

 

13. HCl

 

1) HCl + KOH = KCl + H2O

2) 2HCl + Ca = CaCl2 + H2 (газ)

3) 2HCl + MgO = MgCl2 + H2O

 

14. Fe2(SO4)3.

 

1) Fe2(SO4)3 + 3BaCl2 = BaSO4 (осадок) + 2FeCl3

2) Fe2(SO4)3 + 2Na3PO4 = 2FePO4 (осадок) + 3Na2SO4

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