Выписать основные понятия темы: ионы гидрогена; щелочные и кислотные растворы.

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Ответ:

tka4ukilia2017

25.04.2023 07:21

1) 2Ca + O2 -> 2CaO
CaO + H2O -> Ca(OH)2↓
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 -> CaCO3 ↓+ H2O
CaCO3 + H2SO4 -> CaSO4↓ + CO2↑ + H2O
CaSO4 -> CaO + SO3↑

2) 4P + 5O2 -> 2P2O5
P2O5 + 3H2O -> 2H3PO4
2H3PO4 +3 CaO -> Ca3(PO4)2 ↓+ 3H2O
Ca3(PO4)2 + 3H2SO4 -> 3CaSO4↓ + 2H3PO4
P2O5 + 3CaO -> Ca3(PO4)2↓
3) 4Al + 3O2 -> 2Al2O3
Al2O3 + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 +3 H2O
AlCl3 + 3NaOH -> Al(OH)3↓ + 3NaCl
2Al(OH)3 -> Al2O3 +3 H2O

4) 2Na + 2H2O -> 2NaOH + H2↑
NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O
NaCl + AgNO3 -> AgCl↓ + NaNO3

5) 2Cu + O2 -> 2CuO
CuO + 2HCl -> CuCl2 + H2O
CuCl2 + 2NaOH -> Cu(OH)2 + 2NaCl
Cu(OH)2 -> CuO + H2O
CuO + H2SO4 -> CuSO4 + H2O

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Ответ:

sashazhuravleva

25.04.2023 07:21

39.
C3H7OH+HBr-->C3H7Br+H2O
2C3H7Br+2Na-->C6H14+2NaCl (t)
C6H14-->C6H6+4H2 (t, кат. Pt)
C6H6+HNO3-->C6H5NO2+H2O (кат. H2SO4)
C6H5NO2+3H2-->С6H5NH2+2H2O (кат.)

40.
СH4+Cl2-->CH3Cl+HCl (hv)
2CH3Cl+2Na-->2NaCl+C2H6 (t)
C2H6-->C2H4+H2 (t, кат. Pt)
C2H4+HBr-->C2H5Br
C2H5Br+NaOH(H2O)-->C2H5OH+NaBr

41.
CaC2+2H2O-->Ca(OH)2+C2H2
C2H2+H2O-->CH3CHO (кат. HgSO4/H2SO4)
CH3CHO+Ag2O(NH3)-->CH3COOH+2Ag
CH3COOH+C2H5OH-->CH3COOC2H5+H2O (t<170 C, кат. H2SO4)
CH3COOC2H5+NaOH-->CH3COONa+C2H5OH

42.
CH3COOH+NaOH-->CH3COONa+H2O
CH3COONa+NaOH-->Na2CO3+CH4 (t)
2CH4-->C2H2+3H2 (t=1500 C)
3C2H2-->C6H6 (кат. Cакт., t)
C6H6+Br2-->C6H5Br+HBr (кат. FeBr3)

43.
CH2Br-CH2Br+NaOH(спирт)-->CHBr=CH2+NaBr+H2O
CHBr=CH2+NaOH(спирт)-->C2H2+H2O+NaBr
3C2H2-->C6H6 (кат. Cакт., t)
C6H6+HNO3-->C6H5NO2+H2O (кат. H2SO4)
C6H5NO2+3H2-->С6H5NH2+2H2O (кат.)
С6H5NH2+HCl-->[C6H5NH3]CI

44.
CO+2H2-->CH3OH (t, кат)
CH3OH+HCl-->CH3Cl+H2O
2CH3Cl+2Na-->2NaCl+C2H6
C2H6+HNO3-->C2H5NO2+H2O (t=140 C)
C2H5NO2+3H2-->C2H5NH2+2H2O (t, кат. Pt)

45.
С6H12O6-->2C2H5OH+2CO2 (ферменты)
C2H5OH-->C2H4+H2O (t>170 C, кат. H2SO4)
C2H4-->C2H2+H2 (кат. Cr2O3)
C2H2+H2O-->CH3CHO (кат. HgSO4/H2SO4)
CH3CHO+Ag2O(NH3)-->CH3COOH+2Ag

46.
C2H2+H2-->C2H4 (t, кат. Линдлара: Pd/(CH3COO)2Pb)
С2H4+H2O-->C2H5OH
C2H5OH+CuO-->CH3CHO+Cu+H2O
CH3CHO+Ag2O(NH3)-->CH3COOH+2Ag
CH3COOH+C2H5OH-->CH3COOC2H5 (t, кат. H2SO4)

47.
C2H5Br+NaOH(H2O)-->C2H5OH+NaBr
C2H5OH+CuO-->CH3CHO+Cu+H2O
CH3CHO+Ag2O(NH3)-->CH3COOH+2Ag
CH3COOH+NaOH-->CH3COONa+H2O
CH3COONa+NaOH-->Na2CO3+CH4 (t)

48.
3C2H2-->C6H6 (кат. Cакт., t)
C6H6+Br2-->C6H5Br+HBr (кат. FeBr3)
C6H5Br+СH3Br+2Na-->C6H5CH3+2NaBr (t)
C6H5CH3+2KMnO4-->C6H5COOH+2MnO2+2KOH
C6H5COOH+CH3OH-->C6H5COOCH3+H2O (t, кат. H2SO4)

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