1) Допустим, он спросил у рыцаря. Рыцарь дал верный ответ: "Да. Среди нас хотя бы один - рыцарь". Но тут возникает неоднозначность, потому что второй может быть как рыцарем, так и лжецом, поскольку первый рыцарь, и уже выполняется условие, что среди них хоть кто-то рыцарь. 2) Допустим, он спросил у лжеца. Если лжец ответил: "Да, среди нас есть рыцарь", то среди них нет рыцаря. То есть второй - тоже лжец. Если лжец ответил: "Нет, среди нас нет рыцарей", то среди них есть рыцарь. Это второй островитянин. Если автор получил, что хотел, то ему подходит пункт 2. То есть первый лжец, а в зависимости от его ответа второй либо рыцарь, либо тоже лжец.
Но, возможно, это не всё решение задачи. Следует еще подумать над тем, а не являются ли эти островитяне единственными, кто населяет остров
2) Допустим, он спросил у лжеца. Если лжец ответил: "Да, среди нас есть рыцарь", то среди них нет рыцаря. То есть второй - тоже лжец.
Если лжец ответил: "Нет, среди нас нет рыцарей", то среди них есть рыцарь. Это второй островитянин.
Если автор получил, что хотел, то ему подходит пункт 2. То есть первый лжец, а в зависимости от его ответа второй либо рыцарь, либо тоже лжец.
Но, возможно, это не всё решение задачи. Следует еще подумать над тем, а не являются ли эти островитяне единственными, кто населяет остров
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