Ex. 1 Прочитайте текст и выполните задания по тексту
OCEANS
After exploring most of the [and, people started to explore under the oceans. The oceans are enormous they cover about 70% of Earth. There are still thousands of kilometers of seabed to be explored.
WHAT DO WE KNOW?
There are five oceans, but more than half of all the water in the oceans is in just one ocean - the Pacific Ocean. At first, scientists thought that the seabed was flat, but now we know that there are mountains, valleys, volcanoes, and plains under the water. By studying the seabed, scientists have learned that the oceans started to form 41000 million years ago. They have found bones from land animals on the seabed, which shows that the sea level is much higher now.
WHAT’S IN THE OCEANS?
The oceans are full of amazing plants and animals. Some ocean plants, like seaweed, can be used to make medicines. Today, scientists know about 25,000 different types of fish. They find more than 100 new types every year.
There are lots of precious things in the oceans. Pearls are jewels that can form inside oyster shells. There are metals like gold, iron, and copper in the seabed, too. More than 20% of all the oil that we use comes from under the oceans.
There is enough salt in the oceans to cover Earth with up to 150 meters of salt.
OCEAN EXPLORERS
Early ocean explorers could only explore for as long as they could breathe. In 1943, two Frenchmen, Jacques Cousteau and Emile Gagnan, invented Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus (SCUBA).This allowed divers to stay underwater for longer and dive deeper than ever before.
In 1960, a Swiss explorer Jacques Piccard, and an American, Don\7alsh, dived down almost 11 kilometers in a small submarine to the deepest part of the Pacific Ocean. It's the deepest that anyone has dived. No one thought anything could live that far down, but they found some new types of fish.
An American explorer called Silvia Alice Earle holds the record for the deepest woman diver in a submersible. She has spent more than 7000 hours underwater.
WHAT NEXT?
Modern explorers have better equipment and they can explore further than ever before, but they don't even have to go anywhere. Today we can send robots to explore places and bring back information!
The oceans are the least explored part of Earth, but there are still things to find in rainforests, mountains to climb, and thousands of places to explore. What part of our world would you like to explore?
Answer the questions
1. When did people start exploring the ocean?
2. What percentage of Earth cover oceans?
3. Did people explore all the seabed?
4. How big is the Pacific Ocean?
5. What landscape do the oceans have?
6. What can we find exploring the seabed?
7. How many types of fish are there in the oceans?
8. What precious things can we find in the ocean?
9. Where can we find pearls?
10. How much salt does the Earth have?
11. What should you be able to explore the seabed?
12. What did Jacques Cousteau and Emile Gagnan invent?
13. What happened in 1960?
14. What is Silvia Alice Earle famous for?
15. What innovations do we have to explore the seabed?
16. What is the least explored part of the world: rainforest, mountains, deserts, or oceans?
Answer:
Exercise 1
1. Julia takes her dog for a walk free times in a day. She is very responsible person.
2. My brother never spends his pocket money on trifles. He prefers to save it for travelling.
3. The teachers don't wear uniforms. Sometimes they put on a white coat to protect their clothes.
4. I write very good essays, but I am not good at maths.
5. Who you usually invite to your birthday party?
6. We do karate, play volleyball and do lots of sports.
7. Where Paul goes jogging?
8. Trudy doesn't work for any magazine. she is a freelancer.
9. My grandparents drop in very often.
10. People often admire sportsmen for their enthusiasm, devotion and fortitude.
Exercise 2
1. Alan is sitting at his desk and checking his email.
2. Helen, aren't you reading a magazine?
3. My baby sister and I are having a great time together at the beach. We are building a sandcastle.
4. I am waiting for a letter from my grandmother.
5. Mum and dad are in the kitchen. They are preparing a sumptuous dinner to celebrate their wedding anniversary.
6. Why Diana is wearing shorts and snickers? Isn't she going to work today?
7. The nurse is washing her hands in the washbasin.
8. We aren't seeing Pam this week. She has just cancelled all meetings.
9. Ron is working on a very important project these days. I'm sure he'll be successful.
10. Anna and James are getting married this weekend. They are really excited.
Good luck!