Ex. 4 Open the brackets using the most appropriate form of Participle I. 1. There are a variety of empirical methods (allow) scientists to look at brains in action. 2. Psychologists study the brain (use) lesion approaches, as well as through neuroimaging techniques (include) electroencephalography [ɪˌlektrəʊɪnˌsefəˈlɒɡrəfɪ] (EEG). 3. As well as (use) for diagnostic purposes, the EEG is an effective tool of those interested in understanding the nature and functions of sleep. 4. (Visit) Berger’s laboratory at Jena in 1935, American researcher William Grey Walter noted that Berger “was not regarded by his associates as in the front rank of German psychiatrists, having rather the reputation of being a crank”. 5. The researchers found that the movement (follow) the brain stimulation only occurred when they stimulated a specific arch-shaped region (run) across the top of the brain from ear to ear. 6. Electrical stimulation of a small brain area can produce meaningful results in certain areas where timing is less important – for example, the areas (control) hunger or thirst. 7. While (provide) mild electronic stimulation to different areas of the motor cortex in fully conscious patients, researchers observe their bodily responses. 8. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measures blood flow in the brain during different activities, (provide) information about the activity of neurons and thus the functions of brain regions. 9. (Test), the new equipment was recommended for research in all the laboratories.

If I hadn’t tried to put up the curtains myself, I wouldn’t have fallen off the ladder. If only I had waited for Tom to come home! If Tom had been there, he would have held the ladder, and I wouldn’t be in hospital now. Actually, it’s not so bad, but if I didn’t have a TV in my room, I would die of boredom! Tom comes every day after work and brings flowers. If only you were here to see my room; it’s like a florist’s! Anyway, give my love to your family. I’ll come and visit you as soon as I’m feeling better, unless I have another careless little accident, that is!

Love, Jane.

1. Put the verbs in brackets in the Present Simple or Present Continuous.

Be quite! The baby sleeping (sleep).

She is (be) always late for breakfast.

Look! A police officer running after (run after) a burglar.

My aunt usually reads (read) newspapers in the evening.

My brothers never watches (watch) TV in the morning.

2. Put the relative adverbs where /why / when.

We will visit the castle where the kings lived.

Winter is the time of the year when many people suffer from flu.

I can’t understand the reason why you have been late for work.

This is the library where you can find even rare books.

I remember the day when I went to school.

3. Put the verbs in brackets in the Past Simple or Past Continuous.

I played (play) computer games yesterday.

I was playing (play) computer games at five o'clock yesterday.

What Nick was doing (do) when you came to him?

What you did (do) when I rang you up?

She was sleeping (sleep) when I came home.

When I came into the kitchen, my mother was cooking (cook) dinner.

He got (get) up at seven o'clock yesterday.

My father was coming (come) home at six o'clock yesterday.

When I came (come) home, Kate was playing (play) the piano.

When I met (meet) John, he was going (go) to the railway station.

4. Put the verbs into the correct future form (will, be going to, Present Simple or Present Continuous).

I love London. I will go (probably / go) there next year.

The examination starts (start) at 9.30. Don't be late!

What are you going to wear (wear / you) at the party tonight?

Look at the clouds – it is going to rain (rain) in a few minutes.

The train leaves (leave) at 11:45.

5. Put the verbs in brackets in the Present Perfect.

She has bought (buy) some really nice roller blades!

Oh, no! I have lost (lose) my money!

My mum has written (write) shopping list. It’s on the kitchen table.

Dad, you has eaten (eat) my biscuit!

Mary has studied (study) hard this year, so she’ll pass her exams.

Oh no! She has dropped (drop) the plate!

Tom is my best friend. I have known (know) him for three years.

They have lived (live) in Moscow for two years.

6. Choose the correct word.

Madonna is more famous than Beyonce.

I prefer classical music because it is more relaxing than rock music.

This film is the most successful film ever!

He is better at playing the violin than his brother.

He is not as good at football as his brother .

The London underground is the oldest in the world.

7. Put the verbs in brackets in the Present Perfect Continuous.

Helen has been washing (wash) the dishes for fifteen minutes.

My classmates have been writing (write) a dictation since the beginning of the lesson.

My grandfather has been collecting (collect) coins since he was a boy.

Andy and Den have been discussing (discuss) the plans for their winter holidays for two hours.

The vegetables have been boiling (boil) since 10 o’clock.

8. Read the text about Gaelic football and decide if the statements are true (T) or false (F).

1 T The Irish are good rugby players.

2 T Gaelic football is a combination of football and rugby.

3 F The players can’t touch the ball with their hands.

4 F The players wear helmets.

5 F Gaelic football is not popular in America.