You can sometimes understand a word you don’t know by looking at what kind of word it is. look at these sentences from the stories . what kind of word is the word in bold?

(1)
Then he saw that they were (Past Simple от глагола to be – глагол-связка) too long for him. So he went to his wife and said: "Please make my trousers shorter, they are (Present Simple от глагола to be – глагол-связка) too long for me, I cannot put them on." But the wife said: "I have (Present Simple от глагола to have – основной глагол) no time now. It is (Present Simple от глагола to be – глагол-связка) late now, I shall do it tomorrow." His wife told him, "I have made (Present Perfect, вс глагол) your trousers shorter; you can put them on" But when the man put them on, he saw that they were (Past Simple от глагола to be – глагол-связка) too short for him and he could not wear them.

(2)
plates – a plate; lessons – a lesson; trousers – a pair of trousers.

Исключение: a man – men, a mouse – mice, a sheep – sheep, an ox – oxen

(3) So he went to his wife and said: "Please make my trousers shorter, they are too long for me, I cannot (am not able to) put them on." I must (have to) wash the plates. "Can you (are you able to) make my trousers shorter? I cannot (am not able to) put them on." "No, I cannot (am not able to)," said the daughter. "I must (have to, am to) do my lessons now. The man went to his sister, but she could not (was not able to) help him. She said: "I must (have to, am to) make my dress now.  His wife told him, "I have made your trousers shorter; you can (are able to ) put them on". But when the man put them on, he saw that they were too short for him and he could not (was not able to) wear them.

(4)
When he (личное местоимение) came home, he (личное местоимение) put the trousers on. Then he (личное местоимение) saw that they (личное местоимение) were too long for him (личное местоимение в объектном падеже). So he (личное местоимение) went to his (притяжательное местоимение) wife and said: "Please make my (притяжательное местоимение) trousers shorter, they (личное местоимение) are too long for me, (личное местоимение в объектном падеже) I (личное местоимение) cannot put them (личное местоимение в объектном падеже) on." The man went to his (притяжательное местоимение) daughter and asked her (личное местоимение в объектном падеже): "Can you (личное местоимение) make my (притяжательное местоимение) trousers shorter? I cannot put them (личное местоимение в объектном падеже)on." "No, I (личное местоимение) cannot," said the daughter. "I (личное местоимение) must do my (притяжательное местоимение) lessons now. I shall do it (личное местоимение) tomorrow". The man went to his (притяжательное местоимение) sister, but she (личное местоимение) could not help him. (личное местоимение в объектном падеже) She (личное местоимение) said: "I (личное местоимение) must make my (притяжательное местоимение) dress now. I shall do it (личное местоимение) tomorrow". So the man went to bed and left his (притяжательное местоимение) new trousers on a chair near his (притяжательное местоимение) bed. His wife washed all the plates, came into the room, took the trousers, made them (личное местоимение в объектном падеже) shorter and put them (личное местоимение в объектном падеже) back on the chair. When his (притяжательное местоимение) daughter did her (притяжательное местоимение) lessons, she (личное местоимение) came into his (притяжательное местоимение) room, took the trousers and made them (личное местоимение в объектном падеже) shorter. Late in the evening his (притяжательное местоимение) sister came too and made the trousers shorter. His (притяжательное местоимение) wife told him (личное местоимение в объектном падеже), "I (личное местоимение) have made your (притяжательное местоимение) trousers shorter; you can put them (личное местоимение в объектном падеже) on". But when the man put them (личное местоимение в объектном падеже) on, he (личное местоимение) saw that they (личное местоимение) were too short for him (личное местоимение в объектном падеже) and he (личное местоимение) could not wear them. (личное местоимение в объектном падеже)

1. Listen! They are shouting at each other again. (Present Cont, active)
2. The sick child was sleeping when the doctor came. (Past Cont, active)
3. What work will they be doing the whole day tomorrow? (Future Cont, active)
4. The working of metal in some form has engaged man’s efforts (Present Perfect, active)
5. When we came she had made some coffee. (Past Perfect, active)
6. They will have completed the new bridge by the end of the year. (Future Perfect, active)
7. He was arrested by the police for speeding. (Past Simple, passive)
8. Composite materials have been produced by the hot compaction methods. (Present Perfect, passive)
9. Although all metals can be produced in the powder form, only a few find wideapplications in the manufacture of pressed – metal parts. (Present Simple, passive)
10. These computers are being made in Korea now. (Present Cont, passive)

1. You should think over this suggestion.
2. George had to pay a parking fine.
3. You can investigate the effects of these rays on various materials.
4. The head engineer was to make a report yesterday.
5. Very soon they will be able to test a new engine.
6. We couldn’t repair the car ourselves. We were to take it to the garage.


1. I want to have this problem solved by the computer.
2. Component parts of engines, machines, devices may be produced by precision –casting techniques.
3. Yesterday we heard the operator explaining to a group of students the principles ofoperation of the input section of a computer.
4. Being of a nervous temperament she trembled at her enterprise.
5. When dressed, I sat a long time by the window, looking out over the silent grounds andsilvered fields.